Evaluación de epífitas y sus forófitos en el bosque seco montano del distrito de Suyo (Ayabaca, Piura)
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Authors
Risco Urbina, Jimena
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Abstract
El estudio de epífitas en el Perú es un tema poco conocido por lo que existe un gran vacío de información en cuanto a la riqueza de este grupo de plantas en nuestro país. Esta problemática se observa con más fuerza en los bosques secos, como es el caso del bosque seco montano del distrito de Suyo (Ayabaca, Piura), donde no hay registro de estudios dendrológicos de las especies de árboles ni de las epífitas presentes en este ecosistema. La presente investigación se enfocó en evaluar los grupos de epífitas y su relación con sus forófitos en el bosque seco montano del distrito de Suyo (Ayabaca, Piura). Para ello, se identificaron las epífitas vasculares presentes en cada zona de distribución vertical en los forófitos con un dap ≥ 10 cm siguiendo la metodología de Johansson (1974), levantando 05 parcelas de 20 m x 50 m. Además, se determinó las especies arbóreas (forófitos) asociadas a estas y se analizó la preferencia de estos grupos de epífitas con respecto a sus forófitos y la zona de distribución vertical. Para el análisis de resultados se utilizaron los programas Past, Species Accumulation y EstimateS. Los resultados mostraron que el bosque seco montano de Suyo alberga 43 especies de epífitas vasculares agrupadas en 09 familias, así como 29 especies de árboles agrupadas en 17 familias capaces de brindar condiciones ideales para el establecimiento de epífitas. Respecto a la preferencia a nivel de familia de forófitos, no es posible afirmar estadísticamente que existe una especificidad determinada, y podría estar relacionado a las características estructurales de los forófitos; además, no se restringen necesariamente a una zona y podrían establecerse de acuerdo con las condiciones ambientales que estas proporcionen. Se recomienda ampliar la investigación ya que este bosque alberga vegetación que cambia a medida que disminuye la altitud.
The study of epiphytes in Peru is a little-known topic, so there is a great lack of information about the richness of this group of plants in our country. This problem is more evident in dry forests, as is the case of the dry montane forest located in the district of Suyo (Ayabaca, Piura), where there is no record of dendrological studies of tree species or epiphytes present in this ecosystem. The present investigation focused on evaluating the groups of epiphytes and their relationship with their forophytes in the dry montane forest of the district of Suyo (Ayabaca, Piura), for this purpose the vascular epiphytes present in each vertical distribution zone were identified in the forophytes with a dbh ≥ 10 cm following the methodology of Johansson (1974), establishing 05 plots of 20 m x 50 m. The tree species (phorophytes) associated with these were also determined and the preference of these groups of epiphytes with respect to their phorophytes and vertical distribution zone was analyzed. Past, Species Accumulation and EstimateS were used to analyze the results. The results showed that the dry montane forest of Suyo harbors 43 species of vascular epiphytes grouped in 09 families, as well as 29 tree species grouped in 17 families capable of providing ideal conditions for the establishment of epiphytes. Regarding the preference at the phorophyte family level, it is not possible to statistically affirm that there is a specific specificity, and it could be related to the structural characteristics of the phorophytes; in addition, they are not necessarily restricted to a zone and could be established according to the environmental conditions that these zones provide. Further research is recommended since this forest harbors vegetation that changes as altitude decreases.
The study of epiphytes in Peru is a little-known topic, so there is a great lack of information about the richness of this group of plants in our country. This problem is more evident in dry forests, as is the case of the dry montane forest located in the district of Suyo (Ayabaca, Piura), where there is no record of dendrological studies of tree species or epiphytes present in this ecosystem. The present investigation focused on evaluating the groups of epiphytes and their relationship with their forophytes in the dry montane forest of the district of Suyo (Ayabaca, Piura), for this purpose the vascular epiphytes present in each vertical distribution zone were identified in the forophytes with a dbh ≥ 10 cm following the methodology of Johansson (1974), establishing 05 plots of 20 m x 50 m. The tree species (phorophytes) associated with these were also determined and the preference of these groups of epiphytes with respect to their phorophytes and vertical distribution zone was analyzed. Past, Species Accumulation and EstimateS were used to analyze the results. The results showed that the dry montane forest of Suyo harbors 43 species of vascular epiphytes grouped in 09 families, as well as 29 tree species grouped in 17 families capable of providing ideal conditions for the establishment of epiphytes. Regarding the preference at the phorophyte family level, it is not possible to statistically affirm that there is a specific specificity, and it could be related to the structural characteristics of the phorophytes; in addition, they are not necessarily restricted to a zone and could be established according to the environmental conditions that these zones provide. Further research is recommended since this forest harbors vegetation that changes as altitude decreases.
Description
Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Facultad de Ciencias Forestales. Departamento Académico de Manejo Forestal
Keywords
Bosque seco
Citation
Date
2025
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