Análisis genómico comparativo para la identificación de los genes homólogos de las rutas fotosintéticas en solanáceas
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Authors
Aguirre Bottger, Cosette Nicole
Abstract
El proceso biológico más sostenible del planeta es la fotosíntesis pues su mecanismo permite aprovechar la energía solar, agua y CO2 para producir energía química y fotosintatos que son de relevancia para el metabolismo primario y secundario en diferentes organismos. Este mecanismo ha sido ampliamente estudiado a nivel fisiológico, bioquímico y de genómica funcional. No obstante, es necesario elucidar los mecanismos genéticos de la regulación fotosintética vegetal en áreas de alta diversidad genética que se encuentran amenazadas por el cambio climático. Es el caso de las solanáceas, una familia que abarca más de 3000 especies distribuidas en países megadiversos como Perú, Ecuador y Bolivia, con la finalidad de preservar la biodiversidad y garantizar la seguridad alimentaria. Así, el objetivo de esta tesis fue realizar un análisis genómico comparativo entre los genes involucrados en 8 rutas fotosintéticas de Capsicum annuum, Nicotiana attenuata, Nicotiana sylvestris, Nicotiana tabacum, Nicotiana tomentosa, Solanum lycopersicum, Solanum pennellii y Solanum tuberosum; tomando como referencia el proteoma A. thaliana. En tal sentido, se logró identificar 136 genes homólogos de A. thaliana en las 8 solanáceas estudiadas y 24 genes que no presentaron homología. Además, se obtuvieron 99 secuencias ortólogas únicas y, en función a su relevancia en el proceso fotosintético, se seleccionaron a LPE1, HCF173, CRR23, NDH48, ATPC, RuBisCO, GAPB y TPI para realizar un análisis de motivos y filogenético. Los únicos genes que presentaron coherencia taxonómica fueron LPE1, HCF173, CRR23, NDH48 y ATPC. Por otro lado, el análisis de motivos reveló una alta conservación de los genes. Estos hallazgos son importantes para comprender la evolución del aparato fotosintético en solanáceas.
The most sustainable biological process on the planet is photosynthesis since its mechanism allows us to take advantage of solar energy, water, and CO2 to produce chemical energy and photosynthates relevant to primary and secondary metabolism in different organisms. This mechanism has been extensively studied at the physiological, biochemical, and functional genomics levels. However, it is necessary to elucidate the genetic mechanisms of plant photosynthetic regulation in areas of high genetic diversity threatened by climate change. For example, the Solanaceae family encompasses more than 3,000 species distributed in megadiverse countries such as Peru, Ecuador, and Bolivia to preserve biodiversity and guarantee food security. Thus, the objective of this thesis was to carry out a comparative genomic analysis between the genes involved in 8 photosynthetic pathways of Capsicum annuum, Nicotiana attenuata, Nicotiana sylvestris, Nicotiana tabacum, Nicotiana tomentosa, Solanum lycopersicum, Solanum pennellii, and Solanum tuberosum; taking the A. thaliana proteome as a reference. In this sense, it was possible to identify 136 homologous genes of A. thaliana in the 8 Solanaceae studied and 24 genes that did not present homology. In addition, 99 unique orthologous sequences were obtained, and based on their relevance in the photosynthetic process, LPE1, HCF173, CRR23, NDH48, ATPC, RuBisCO, GAPB, and TPI were selected to perform a phylogenetic and motif analysis. LPE1, HCF173, CRR23, NDH48, and ATPC were the only genes with taxonomic consistency. On the other hand, motif analysis revealed high gene conservation. These findings are essential to understand the evolution of the photosynthetic apparatus in Solanaceae.
The most sustainable biological process on the planet is photosynthesis since its mechanism allows us to take advantage of solar energy, water, and CO2 to produce chemical energy and photosynthates relevant to primary and secondary metabolism in different organisms. This mechanism has been extensively studied at the physiological, biochemical, and functional genomics levels. However, it is necessary to elucidate the genetic mechanisms of plant photosynthetic regulation in areas of high genetic diversity threatened by climate change. For example, the Solanaceae family encompasses more than 3,000 species distributed in megadiverse countries such as Peru, Ecuador, and Bolivia to preserve biodiversity and guarantee food security. Thus, the objective of this thesis was to carry out a comparative genomic analysis between the genes involved in 8 photosynthetic pathways of Capsicum annuum, Nicotiana attenuata, Nicotiana sylvestris, Nicotiana tabacum, Nicotiana tomentosa, Solanum lycopersicum, Solanum pennellii, and Solanum tuberosum; taking the A. thaliana proteome as a reference. In this sense, it was possible to identify 136 homologous genes of A. thaliana in the 8 Solanaceae studied and 24 genes that did not present homology. In addition, 99 unique orthologous sequences were obtained, and based on their relevance in the photosynthetic process, LPE1, HCF173, CRR23, NDH48, ATPC, RuBisCO, GAPB, and TPI were selected to perform a phylogenetic and motif analysis. LPE1, HCF173, CRR23, NDH48, and ATPC were the only genes with taxonomic consistency. On the other hand, motif analysis revealed high gene conservation. These findings are essential to understand the evolution of the photosynthetic apparatus in Solanaceae.
Description
Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Facultad de Ciencias. Departamento Académico de Biología
Keywords
Fotosíntesis
Citation
Date
2024
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