Impactos del conflicto socioambiental por aprovechamiento de recursos y ecoturismo en la Reserva Nacional del Titicaca, Puno
Loading...
Código QR
Authors
Zúñiga Vargas, Alex Leonardo
Abstract
Las islas flotantes de los Uros, son conocidas internacionalmente y son uno de los atractivos turísticos principales del turismo mundial. El modo de vida ancestral y la visión del mundo, de los pobladores de los Uros, les ha permitido sobrevivir por siglos en los totorales del lago Titicaca, utilizando los recursos naturales, influenciados por sus creencias en la “Mamaqota” o Madre Lago. Desde hace más de tres décadas, el turismo se ha convertido en la principal actividad económica de esta comunidad y con el tiempo, también le ha generado problemas internos y externos a su organización comunal. Este trabajo de investigación, describe la dinámica del conflicto socioambiental ocurrido en la Reserva Nacional del Titicaca, entre el SERNANP y la Comunidad Indígena Uros Chulluni, a consecuencia del establecimiento de esta área protegida por el estado en 1978. El objetivo fue conocer las causas o factores que dieron origen a este conflicto y las consecuencias que trajo consigo, y determinar los impactos por aprovechamiento de recursos y ecoturismo, que se generan al interior de esta AP del Sector Lago de Puno, donde se ubican sus islas flotantes. Después de ciertas negociaciones, el proceso de transformación o resolución, parecía iba a ser exitoso, pero se complicó debido a la delimitación del AP con las comunidades circunlacustres, la presión de la RNT y el interés por el manejo de las actividades ecoturísticas al interior del AP. Tras entrevistas a profundidad a actores clave de la comunidad y funcionarios de la RNT, se determinó cuál es el factor principal que no permite hasta ahora transformar el conflicto o encontrar compatibilidades entre el SERNANP con la Comunidad Uros Chulluni y la influencia que tiene el ecoturismo en este trance. La comunidad, aún reclama que el Estado respete su derecho ancestral y las libertades que tenían antes de la intervención estatal, pero, sobre todo, que la RNT no intervenga en las actividades ecoturísticas.
The floating islands of the Uros are internationally known and are one of the main tourist attractions of world tourism. The ancestral way of life and the vision of the world, has allowed to the inhabitants of Uros, survive for centuries in the reed beds of the Lake Titicaca, using natural resources, influenced by their beliefs in the "Mamaqota" or Mother Lake. For more than three decades, tourism has become the main economic activity in this community and over time, it has also generated internal and external problems for its community organization. This research work describes the dynamics of the socio environmental conflict that occurred in the Titicaca National Reserve, between SERNANP and the Uros Chulluni Indigenous Community, as a consequence of the establishment of this protected area by the state in 1978. The objective is to know the causes or factors that gave rise to this conflict and the consequences that it brought with it, and determine the impacts due to the use of resources and ecotourism, which are generated within this PA of the Puno Lake Sector, where its floating islands are located. After certain negotiations, the transformation or resolution process seemed to be successful, but it was complicated due to the delimitation of the PA with the surrounding communities, pressure from the RNT and the interest in managing ecotourism activities within the PA. After in-depth interviews with key community actors and RNT officials, we tried to determine what is the main factor that does not allow, until now, to transform the conflict or find compatibilities between SERNANP and the Uros Chulluni Community and the influence that ecotourism has in this situation. The community still demands that the State respect their ancestral rights and the freedoms they had before the State intervention, but, above all, that the RNT does not intervene in ecotourism activities.
The floating islands of the Uros are internationally known and are one of the main tourist attractions of world tourism. The ancestral way of life and the vision of the world, has allowed to the inhabitants of Uros, survive for centuries in the reed beds of the Lake Titicaca, using natural resources, influenced by their beliefs in the "Mamaqota" or Mother Lake. For more than three decades, tourism has become the main economic activity in this community and over time, it has also generated internal and external problems for its community organization. This research work describes the dynamics of the socio environmental conflict that occurred in the Titicaca National Reserve, between SERNANP and the Uros Chulluni Indigenous Community, as a consequence of the establishment of this protected area by the state in 1978. The objective is to know the causes or factors that gave rise to this conflict and the consequences that it brought with it, and determine the impacts due to the use of resources and ecotourism, which are generated within this PA of the Puno Lake Sector, where its floating islands are located. After certain negotiations, the transformation or resolution process seemed to be successful, but it was complicated due to the delimitation of the PA with the surrounding communities, pressure from the RNT and the interest in managing ecotourism activities within the PA. After in-depth interviews with key community actors and RNT officials, we tried to determine what is the main factor that does not allow, until now, to transform the conflict or find compatibilities between SERNANP and the Uros Chulluni Community and the influence that ecotourism has in this situation. The community still demands that the State respect their ancestral rights and the freedoms they had before the State intervention, but, above all, that the RNT does not intervene in ecotourism activities.
Description
Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Escuela de Posgrado. Maestría en Ecoturismo
Keywords
Conflictos sociales; Conflictos socioambientales; Economía de la tierra; Entorno socioeconómico; Evaluación del impacto ambiental; Gobierno local; Percepción de la población; Perú; Población rural; Proyectos de desarrollo; Puno (dpto); Reserva Naional de Titicaca
Citation
Date
2022
Collections
Seleccionar año de consulta:
Licencia de uso
Excepto si se señala otra cosa, la licencia del ítem se describe como info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess