Desarrollo de biopelículas activas con aceite esencial de Citral microencapsulado y su efecto en la carga microbiana del queso fresco
Authors
Yoplac Tafur, Ives Julian
Abstract
El objetivo del trabajo fue desarrollar biopelículas activas con aceite esencial de citral microencapsulado y su efecto en la carga microbiana del queso fresco. La microencapsulación del citral se realizó mediante secado por atomización y se optimizó empleando metodología superficie respuesta (MSR), maximizando el rendimiento y eficiencia de encapsulación (EE) respecto a la relación citral: dextrina (Ct:Dx) entre 1:5 y 1:20 y temperatura del aire de entrada (TEA) al secador entre 120 y 200 °C. Se evaluaron las características físico-químicas y actividad antimicrobiana de las micropartículas de citral (MC) óptimas. La predicción del contenido superficial de citral (CSct) en las micropartículas se realizó utilizando espectroscopía NIR y quimiometría. Las biopelículas activas se elaboraron mediante método de casting y se optimizó con MSR, minimizando el valor de transparencia, opacidad y módulo elástico respecto a la relación caseinato de sodio: sorbitol (CS:Sb) entre 1: 0.5 y 1:1.5 y relación CS:MC entre 1:0.5 y 1:1.5. Se caracterizaron las propiedades de color, mecánicas y micro-estructurales de las biopelículas activas óptimas. Los quesos se envasaron en biopelículas con MC, biopelículas con citral libre y bolsas de polietileno; se evaluó su perfil físico, sensorial y microbiológico durante 14 días a 6°C. Las condiciones óptimas de microencapsulación fueron 1:5 de relación Ct:Dx y 187°C de TEA, mostrando características físico-químicas aceptables y actividad antimicrobiana de amplio espectro. Los modelos quimiométricos empleados en la predicción de CSct presentaron R2 entre 0.80 y 0.95, siendo las redes neuronales artificiales las que presentaron mejores resultados. Las condiciones óptimas de biopelículas activas se alcanzaron a relación CS:Sb de 1:0.91 y relación CS:MC de 1:0.95; obteniendo propiedades de color, mecánicas y microestructurales adecuadas para envasado de alimentos. Los quesos en biopelículas con MC presentaron menores recuentos microbianos y mejor perfil físico y sensorial, prolongando lavida útil del producto hasta 14 días en condiciones aceptables.
The objective of the work was to develop active biofilms with microencapsulated citral essential oil and its effect on the microbial load of fresh cheese. Microencapsulation of citral was performed by spray drying and was optimized using surface response methodology (MSR), maximizing yield and encapsulation efficiency (EE) with respect to the citral: dextrin (Ct:Dx) ratio between 1: 5 and 1: 20 and inlet air temperature (TEA) to the dryer between 120 and 200 °C. The physicochemical characteristics and antimicrobial activity to the optimal citral microparticles (MC) were evaluated. The prediction of the surface content of citral (CSct) in microparticles was performed using NIR spectroscopy and chemometric. The active biofilms were elaborated by casting method and optimized with MSR, minimizing the transparency value, opacity and elastic modulus with respect to the sodium caseinate: sorbitol (CS:Sb) ratio between 1: 0.5 and 1: 1.5 and CS:MC ratio between 1: 0.5 and 1: 1.5. Color, mechanical and microstructural properties of the optimal active biofilms were characterized. The cheeses were packed in biofilms with MC, biofilms with free citral and polyethylene bags; their physical, sensory and microbiological profile was evaluated during 14 days at 6 °C. The optimal microencapsulation conditions were 1: 5 to Ct:Dx and 187 °C to TEA, showing acceptable physicochemical characteristics and broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. The chemometric models used in the CSct prediction presented R2 between 0.80 and 0.95; artificial neural networks showed better results. The optimal conditions of active biofilms were reached at CS:Sb ratio of 1: 0.91 and CS:MC ratio of 1: 0.95; obtaining color, mechanical and microstructural properties adequate for food packaging. The cheeses in biofilms with MC presented lower microbial counts and better physical and sensory profile, prolonging the useful life of the product up to 14 days in acceptable conditions.
The objective of the work was to develop active biofilms with microencapsulated citral essential oil and its effect on the microbial load of fresh cheese. Microencapsulation of citral was performed by spray drying and was optimized using surface response methodology (MSR), maximizing yield and encapsulation efficiency (EE) with respect to the citral: dextrin (Ct:Dx) ratio between 1: 5 and 1: 20 and inlet air temperature (TEA) to the dryer between 120 and 200 °C. The physicochemical characteristics and antimicrobial activity to the optimal citral microparticles (MC) were evaluated. The prediction of the surface content of citral (CSct) in microparticles was performed using NIR spectroscopy and chemometric. The active biofilms were elaborated by casting method and optimized with MSR, minimizing the transparency value, opacity and elastic modulus with respect to the sodium caseinate: sorbitol (CS:Sb) ratio between 1: 0.5 and 1: 1.5 and CS:MC ratio between 1: 0.5 and 1: 1.5. Color, mechanical and microstructural properties of the optimal active biofilms were characterized. The cheeses were packed in biofilms with MC, biofilms with free citral and polyethylene bags; their physical, sensory and microbiological profile was evaluated during 14 days at 6 °C. The optimal microencapsulation conditions were 1: 5 to Ct:Dx and 187 °C to TEA, showing acceptable physicochemical characteristics and broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. The chemometric models used in the CSct prediction presented R2 between 0.80 and 0.95; artificial neural networks showed better results. The optimal conditions of active biofilms were reached at CS:Sb ratio of 1: 0.91 and CS:MC ratio of 1: 0.95; obtaining color, mechanical and microstructural properties adequate for food packaging. The cheeses in biofilms with MC presented lower microbial counts and better physical and sensory profile, prolonging the useful life of the product up to 14 days in acceptable conditions.
Description
Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Escuela de Posgrado. Doctorado en Ciencia de Alimentos
Keywords
Queso fresco; Bioclásticos; Aceites esenciales; Citral; Microencapsulación; Agentes nocivos; Secado por pulverización; Propiedades fisicoquímicas; Preservadores; Electroscopia; Preservación de alimentos; Evaluación; Perú; Biopelículas activas; Aceite esencial de citral; Carga microbiana; Actividad antimicrobiana; Secado por atomización; Contenido superficial; Espectroscopia NIR; Macropartículas de citral; Vita útil
Citation
Date
2019
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