Medios de cultivo adecuados para el crecimiento in vitro de anteras de aguaymanto (Physalis peruviana L.)
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Autores
Huanca Barrientos, Carlos Agustín
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Resumen
La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo evaluar dos factores críticos en la haploidización mediante cultivo de anteras de Physalis peruviana L., el medio de cultivo y la morfología del botón floral correspondiente al estado de maduración de la microspora uninucleada. En este sentido, se relacionaron parámetros morfológicos con las ploidías de las plantas resultantes. El resultado del análisis microscópico determinó el rango de las dimensiones del botón floral entre 7 y 9 mm de largo y 3 a 5.5 mm de ancho más de 80% de microsporas en estado uninucleado. Asimismo, las evaluaciones periódicas de las anteras cultivadas durante 3 meses posteriores a la incubación, resultó en la respuesta estadística significativa de 1.944% en la capacidad de regeneración de plantas completas con la combinación y concentración hormonal de 0.5 ppm de Kinetina y 1 ppm de 2,4-D respecto al tratamiento individual de 1 ppm de kinetina. Posteriormente a la aclimatación del 100% de plantas, se determinó la distribución de ploidías mediante citometría de flujo. Encontrándose un 62.2% de plantas dihaploides, 26.6% tetraploides, 8.8% hexaploides y 2.2% octoploides. Estos niveles de ploidía se correlacionaron morfológicamente mediante análisis microscópicos mostrando una relación positiva con el largo (r = 0.97) y ancho de estoma (r = 0.95), así como con el diámetro del polen (r = 0.9) y negativa con la densidad estomática (r = -0.94) y la viabilidad del polen (r = -0.94).
The objective of this research was to evaluate two critical factors in haploidization through anther culture of Physalis peruviana L., the culture medium and the morphology of the floral bud corresponding to the maturation state of the uninucleate microspore. In this sense, morphological parameters were related to the ploidy of the resulting plants. The result of the microscopic analysis determined the range of the dimensions of the flower bud between 7 and 9 mm in length and 3 to 5.5 mm in width, more than 80% of microspores in the uninucleate state. Likewise, periodic evaluations of the cultured anthers for 3 months after incubation resulted in a significant statistical response of 1.944% in the regeneration capacity of complete plants with the combination and hormonal concentration of 0.5 ppm of Kinetin and 1 ppm of 2 ,4-D compared to the individual treatment of 1 ppm kinetin. After acclimatization of 100% of plants, ploidy distribution was determined by flow cytometry. Finding 62.2% dihaploid plants, 26.6% tetraploids, 8.8% hexaploids and 2.2% octoploids. These ploidy levels were morphologically correlated through microscopic analysis showing a positive relationship with stomatal length (r = 0.97) and width (r = 0.95), as well as with pollen diameter (r = 0.9) and a negative relationship with stomatal density. (r = -0.94) and pollen viability (r = -0.94).
The objective of this research was to evaluate two critical factors in haploidization through anther culture of Physalis peruviana L., the culture medium and the morphology of the floral bud corresponding to the maturation state of the uninucleate microspore. In this sense, morphological parameters were related to the ploidy of the resulting plants. The result of the microscopic analysis determined the range of the dimensions of the flower bud between 7 and 9 mm in length and 3 to 5.5 mm in width, more than 80% of microspores in the uninucleate state. Likewise, periodic evaluations of the cultured anthers for 3 months after incubation resulted in a significant statistical response of 1.944% in the regeneration capacity of complete plants with the combination and hormonal concentration of 0.5 ppm of Kinetin and 1 ppm of 2 ,4-D compared to the individual treatment of 1 ppm kinetin. After acclimatization of 100% of plants, ploidy distribution was determined by flow cytometry. Finding 62.2% dihaploid plants, 26.6% tetraploids, 8.8% hexaploids and 2.2% octoploids. These ploidy levels were morphologically correlated through microscopic analysis showing a positive relationship with stomatal length (r = 0.97) and width (r = 0.95), as well as with pollen diameter (r = 0.9) and a negative relationship with stomatal density. (r = -0.94) and pollen viability (r = -0.94).
Descripción
Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento
Académico de Fitotecnia
Palabras clave
Cultivo de anteras
Citación
Fecha
2025
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