Comportamiento fenológico, características organolépticas y productividad del arándano (Vaccinum corymbosum L.) en La Libertad
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Authors
Mayta Aparicio, Greys Lizet
Abstract
El arándano ha tomado gran importancia entre los cultivos de exportación debido a su gran demanda mundial, generando rentabilidad bajo las condiciones agroclimáticas que presentamos. Al cierre de la campaña 2022 – 2023, Perú exportó 286 239 toneladas con un aumento del 28% respecto al periodo anterior. El recambio varietal busca elevar rendimientos, mejorar la calidad de fruto, mayor peso de la baya, mejores calibres, sabor y una gran capacidad de vida poscosecha que pueda llegar a los mercados más lejanos como China y otros países de Asia. Por el cual la información de la adaptación de estos nuevos cultivares en las condiciones de la costa norte del Perú es de gran importancia, permitiendo evaluar productividad, ventanas posibles de comercio y expresión del máximo potencial genético; iniciando desde su comportamiento fenológico entre la que más resalta, las curvas de floración. La experiencia laboral se realizó en una empresa agroindustrial productora de arándano, evaluando las etapas fenológicas y comportamiento de ocho cultivares, genética proveniente de Florida, y el cultivar comercial Biloxi bajo las condiciones climáticas de La libertad. También se evaluó los parámetros organolépticos y de calidad, así como la productividad, kilos por planta. En el presente trabajo se detalla el inicio de cada etapa fenológica, resaltando cultivares de producción temprana, temporal y tardía; así como aquellos cultivares que mostraron mejores valores de calidad y productividad como el cultivar 06 (C-06).
The blueberry has taken great importance among export crops due to its high global demand, generating profitability under the agro-climatic conditions that we present. At the end of the 2022 - 2023 season, Peru exported 286 239 tons, an increase of 28% over the previous period. The varietal change seeks to increase yields, improve fruit quality, greater berry weight, better calibers, flavor and a great post-harvest life capacity that can reach more distant markets such as China and other Asian countries. Therefore, the information on the adaptation of these new cultivars in the conditions of the northern coast of Peru is of great importance, allowing the evaluation of productivity, possible trade windows and expression of the maximum genetic potential, starting from their phenological behavior, among which the flowering curves stand out the most. The work experience was carried out in an agroindustrial blueberry producing company, evaluating the phenological stages and behavior of eight cultivars, genetics from Florida, and the commercial variety Biloxi under the climatic conditions of La Libertad. The organoleptic and quality parameters were also evaluated, as well as productivity, kilos per plant. In the present work, the beginning of each phenological stage is detailed, highlighting early, seasonal and late production cultivars, as well as those cultivars that showed better quality and productivity values, such as cultivar 06 (C-06).
The blueberry has taken great importance among export crops due to its high global demand, generating profitability under the agro-climatic conditions that we present. At the end of the 2022 - 2023 season, Peru exported 286 239 tons, an increase of 28% over the previous period. The varietal change seeks to increase yields, improve fruit quality, greater berry weight, better calibers, flavor and a great post-harvest life capacity that can reach more distant markets such as China and other Asian countries. Therefore, the information on the adaptation of these new cultivars in the conditions of the northern coast of Peru is of great importance, allowing the evaluation of productivity, possible trade windows and expression of the maximum genetic potential, starting from their phenological behavior, among which the flowering curves stand out the most. The work experience was carried out in an agroindustrial blueberry producing company, evaluating the phenological stages and behavior of eight cultivars, genetics from Florida, and the commercial variety Biloxi under the climatic conditions of La Libertad. The organoleptic and quality parameters were also evaluated, as well as productivity, kilos per plant. In the present work, the beginning of each phenological stage is detailed, highlighting early, seasonal and late production cultivars, as well as those cultivars that showed better quality and productivity values, such as cultivar 06 (C-06).
Description
Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento Académico de Horticultura
Keywords
Arándano
Citation
Date
2024
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Excepto si se señala otra cosa, la licencia del ítem se describe como info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess