Valoración económica del área de conservación regional de Codo del Pozuzo, Perú
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Authors
Palomino Contreras, Martin
Abstract
El objetivo de la investigación es establecer la justificación económica de la creación del Área de Conservación Regional de Codo del Pozuzo, para lo cual, se ha identificado que la población del distrito Codo del Pozuzo está creciendo a una tasa de 1,59 por ciento anual y la tasa de deforestación es de 2,33 por ciento anual, a esta tasa, en los próximos 43 años se espera alcanzar su máxima capacidad de explotación o punto de cierre; en este punto, el tamaño del bosque estaría por debajo de la mitad de bosque y los servicios ecosistémicos serían insuficientes. Por otra parte, considerando la población del distrito Codo del Pozuzo (7 101 habitantes), para el Perú, la biocapacidad de los ecosistemas es de 3,6 hectáreas por persona y la huella ecológica para satisfacer la necesidad humana es de 1,6 hectáreas por persona, en la actualidad la población demanda 11 362 hectáreas; el equilibrio entre la biocapacidad del bosque y la demanda de huella ecológica alcanzaría en los próximos 43 años, para una población de 13 941 habitantes que demanda 22 305,60 hectáreas para satisfacer sus necesidades y no afectar la biocapacidad del bosque; en el escenario sin conservación, la pérdida de bosque alcanzaría el 63 por ciento; el escenario cambia cuando la decisión es proteger, solo se perdería el 7 por ciento de la superficie del bosque; además, el beneficio marginal por conservar el bosque sería de 2,73 dólares, el resultado demuestra que es más rentable económicamente conservar y permitiría al Estado obtener mayores beneficios en el largo plazo. Para el análisis, se recopiló estudios de valoración económica de países con características socioeconómicas y ambientales similares al Perú; los datos se actualizaron al año 2018 utilizando la inflación de Índice de Precios al Consumidor expresado en dólares estadounidenses. El resultado de la meta-regresión muestra coherencia en los signos y significancia de los coeficientes y el valor económico de los servicios ecosistémicos está explicado en 51 por ciento por las variables exógenas; siendo el valor económico de 67,37 dólares estadounidenses por hectárea/año, siendo el valor económico total de 704 220,70 dólares estadounidenses para una superficie de 10 453,45 hectáreas.
The objective of the research is to establish the economic justification for the creation of the Codo del Pozuzo Regional Conservation Area, for which it has been identified that the population of the Codo del Pozuzo district is growing at a rate of 1.59 percent per year and the deforestation rate is 2.33 percent per year, at this rate, in the next 43 years it is expected to reach its maximum exploitation capacity or closing point; at this point, the size of the forest would be less than half the size of the forest and the ecosystem services would be insufficient. On the other hand, considering the population of the Codo del Pozuzo district (7,101 inhabitants), for Peru, the biocapacity of the ecosystems is 3.6 hectares per person and the ecological footprint to satisfy human needs is 1.6 hectares. per person, currently the population demands 11,362 hectares; the balance between the biocapacity of the forest and the demand for the ecological footprint would be reached in the next 43 years, for a population of 13,941 inhabitants that demands 22,305.60 hectares to satisfy their needs and not affect the biocapacity of the forest; in the scenario without conservation, the loss of forest would reach 63 percent; the scenario changes when the decision is to protect, only 7 percent of the forest surface would be lost; In addition, the marginal benefit for conserving the forest would be 2.73 dollars, the result shows that it is more economically profitable to conserve and would allow the State to obtain greater benefits in the long term. For the analysis, economic valuation studies were compiled from countries with socioeconomic and environmental characteristics similar to Peru; The data was updated to 2018 using the Consumer Price Index inflation expressed in American dollars. The result of the meta-regression shows coherence in the signs and significance of the coefficients and the economic value of ecosystem services is explained in 51 percent by exogenous variables; being the economic value of 67.37 American dollars per hectare/year, being the total economic value of 704,220.70 American dollars for an area of 10,453.45 hectares.
The objective of the research is to establish the economic justification for the creation of the Codo del Pozuzo Regional Conservation Area, for which it has been identified that the population of the Codo del Pozuzo district is growing at a rate of 1.59 percent per year and the deforestation rate is 2.33 percent per year, at this rate, in the next 43 years it is expected to reach its maximum exploitation capacity or closing point; at this point, the size of the forest would be less than half the size of the forest and the ecosystem services would be insufficient. On the other hand, considering the population of the Codo del Pozuzo district (7,101 inhabitants), for Peru, the biocapacity of the ecosystems is 3.6 hectares per person and the ecological footprint to satisfy human needs is 1.6 hectares. per person, currently the population demands 11,362 hectares; the balance between the biocapacity of the forest and the demand for the ecological footprint would be reached in the next 43 years, for a population of 13,941 inhabitants that demands 22,305.60 hectares to satisfy their needs and not affect the biocapacity of the forest; in the scenario without conservation, the loss of forest would reach 63 percent; the scenario changes when the decision is to protect, only 7 percent of the forest surface would be lost; In addition, the marginal benefit for conserving the forest would be 2.73 dollars, the result shows that it is more economically profitable to conserve and would allow the State to obtain greater benefits in the long term. For the analysis, economic valuation studies were compiled from countries with socioeconomic and environmental characteristics similar to Peru; The data was updated to 2018 using the Consumer Price Index inflation expressed in American dollars. The result of the meta-regression shows coherence in the signs and significance of the coefficients and the economic value of ecosystem services is explained in 51 percent by exogenous variables; being the economic value of 67.37 American dollars per hectare/year, being the total economic value of 704,220.70 American dollars for an area of 10,453.45 hectares.
Description
Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Escuela de Posgrado. Doctorado en Economía de los Recursos Naturales y el Desarrollo Sustentable
Keywords
Parques Nacionales; Valor económico; Toma de decisiones; Gobierno local; Bienestar social; Situación económica; Turismo; Zonas rurales; Política de desarrollo; Perú; Codo del Pozuzo; Puerto Inca (prov)
Citation
Date
2023
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Excepto si se señala otra cosa, la licencia del ítem se describe como info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess