Inducción de brotes basales mediante descortezado y aplicación de hormonas en plantaciones de Shihuahuaco Dipteryx ferrea (Ducke) Ducke en Ucayali
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Authors
Callalli Crisanto, Ralph Brayans
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Abstract
Esta investigación evalúa la respuesta en brotación de Dipteryx ferrea “Shihuahuaco de hoja ancha”, ante la inducción de brotes por “anillado al 50%” y la aplicación exógena de hormonas (citoquininas, auxinas y giberelinas). Se realizó en plantaciones forestales de edades entre 10 a 15 años, ubicadas dentro de las instalaciones de la empresa BOSQUES AMAZÓNICOS SA (BAM SA). Se utilizó un diseño de bloques completamente al azar (DBCA) con tres bloques y cuatro tratamientos T1 (testigo: anillado al 50% + agua), T2 (anillado al 50% + 0.021% CTK), T3 (anillado al 50% + 0.023% CTK + 0.013% AIB + 0.013% AG) y T4 (anillado al 50% + 0.023% CTK + 0.013% AIB + 0.013% AG + 0.01% N + 0.015% K₂O), siendo 16 individuos por bloque monitoreados por 122 días, donde los indicadores fueron: tasa de brotación, periodo de inicio de brotación, número de brotes, número de brotes funcionales, dimensiones (longitud y diámetro), número de estaquillas, supervivencia de árboles inducidos y la influencia de la competencia. El análisis estadístico principal se realizó para el indicador de número de brotes, donde se determinó la ausencia de diferencias estadísticas significativas entre tratamientos y entre bloques, por lo cual para los análisis posteriores se trabajó con un diseño de bloques completamente al azar (DCA). Dado que los demás indicadores no cumplieron los supuestos de la estadística paramétrica, se empleó estadística no paramétrica y descriptiva, obteniéndose para la tasa de brotación valores en: T1 58.33%, T2 66.67%, T3 58.33%, y T4 75.00% con la mayor respuesta de brotación. sin encontrarse diferencias estadísticas significativas entre tratamientos, sin embargo, debido a la tasa alta de brotación registrada, se concluye que Dipteryx ferrea presenta una disposición favorable a la brotación, haciéndola una especie con potencial para programas de mejoramiento genético forestal basados en silvicultura clonal.
This research evaluates the sprouting response of Dipteryx ferrea ("Shihuahuaco de hoja ancha") to shoot induction through 50% girdling and the exogenous application of hormones (cytokinins, auxins, and gibberellins). The study was conducted in forest plantations aged between 10 and 15 years, located within the facilities of the company BOSQUES AMAZÓNICOS S.A. (BAM S.A.). A completely randomized block design (CRBD) was used, with three blocks and four treatments: T1 (control: 50% girdling + water), T2 (50% girdling + 0.021% CTK), T3 (50% girdling + 0.023% CTK + 0.013% AIB + 0.013% GA), and T4 (50% girdling + 0.023% CTK + 0.013% AIB + 0.013% GA + 0.01% N + 0.015% K₂O). Sixteen individuals per block were monitored over a period of 122 days, and the indicators evaluated were: sprouting rate, sprouting initiation period, number of shoots, number of functional shoots, shoot dimensions (length and diameter), number of cuttings, survival of induced trees, and the influence of competition. The main statistical analysis was performed on the number of shoots indicator, where no statistically significant differences were found between treatments or blocks. Therefore, subsequent analyses were carried out using a completely randomized design (CRD). Since the other indicators did not meet the assumptions of parametric statistics, non-parametric and descriptive statistics were used. The sprouting rate values obtained were: T1 58.33%, T2 66.67%, T3 58.33%, and T4 75.00%, with the highest sprouting response. Although no statistically significant differences were found between treatments, the high sprouting rate observed suggests that Dipteryx ferrea exhibits a favorable sprouting capacity, making it a species with potential for forest genetic improvement programs based on clonal silviculture.
This research evaluates the sprouting response of Dipteryx ferrea ("Shihuahuaco de hoja ancha") to shoot induction through 50% girdling and the exogenous application of hormones (cytokinins, auxins, and gibberellins). The study was conducted in forest plantations aged between 10 and 15 years, located within the facilities of the company BOSQUES AMAZÓNICOS S.A. (BAM S.A.). A completely randomized block design (CRBD) was used, with three blocks and four treatments: T1 (control: 50% girdling + water), T2 (50% girdling + 0.021% CTK), T3 (50% girdling + 0.023% CTK + 0.013% AIB + 0.013% GA), and T4 (50% girdling + 0.023% CTK + 0.013% AIB + 0.013% GA + 0.01% N + 0.015% K₂O). Sixteen individuals per block were monitored over a period of 122 days, and the indicators evaluated were: sprouting rate, sprouting initiation period, number of shoots, number of functional shoots, shoot dimensions (length and diameter), number of cuttings, survival of induced trees, and the influence of competition. The main statistical analysis was performed on the number of shoots indicator, where no statistically significant differences were found between treatments or blocks. Therefore, subsequent analyses were carried out using a completely randomized design (CRD). Since the other indicators did not meet the assumptions of parametric statistics, non-parametric and descriptive statistics were used. The sprouting rate values obtained were: T1 58.33%, T2 66.67%, T3 58.33%, and T4 75.00%, with the highest sprouting response. Although no statistically significant differences were found between treatments, the high sprouting rate observed suggests that Dipteryx ferrea exhibits a favorable sprouting capacity, making it a species with potential for forest genetic improvement programs based on clonal silviculture.
Description
Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Facultad de Ciencias Forestales. Departamento Académico de Manejo Forestal
Keywords
Iinducción de brotes
Citation
Date
2025
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