Uso de masa fermentada en la elaboración de pan de cañihua (Chenopodium pallidicaule Aellen) sin gluten
Autores
Luna Mercado, Genny Isabel
Resumen
Cañihua (Chenopodium pallidicaule Aellen) es un grano nativo andino poco conocido, de excelente valor nutritivo, que no contiene gluten. El objetivo del estudio fue desarrollar pan sin gluten de cañihua mediante el uso de masa fermentadas y semillas de chía. Para ello se dividió el trabajo en 3 etapas: En la primera etapa se realizó la evaluación de las propiedades tecno-funcionales, termo-mecánicas y fisicoquímicas de dos variedades de cañihua (cupi e illpa Inia), luego la variedad promisoria se comparó con las características termo-mecánicas y reológicas del almidón de papa, por su reconocido uso en panificados sin gluten y, finalmente, se optimizóuna formulación modelo de pan de cañihua sin gluten sin almidones añadidos con un volumen específico de 2,96 cc/g. Las propiedades viscoelásticas de la harina de cañihua se relacionaron con la formación de una fase proteica continua con predominio de aminoácidos aromáticos y azufrados que, junto con la fibra dietética y goma xantana forman una estructura comparable a gluten. En la segunda etapa se evaluó las características fisicoquímicas, tecno-funcionales y termomecánicas de la harina de chía para luego incorporarla en el pan sin gluten de cañihua con la finalidad de mejorar la retención de agua, permitiendo obtener con 7 por ciento de sustitución, mayor masticabilidad, pero menor volumen específico y formación de micro alveolos que aportaron estructura al sistema. En la última etapa se desarrolló una masa fermentada de harina de cañihua con Lactobacillus plantarum DSM 20174 que se incluyó en la formulación de los panes sin gluten optimizados previamente para ser evaluados en las características físicas, fisicoquímicas, microestructurales, perfil de aminoácidos, capacidad antioxidante y compuestos fenólicos. El pan de cañihua con el uso de masa fermentada provee una alternativa saludable, de mejor accesibilidad de minerales, composición de aminoácidos y buenas características fisicoquímicas y funcionales aprovechando un cultivo andino ancestral resistente al cambio climático
Cañihua (Chenopodium pallidicaule Aellen) is a little-known native Andean grain of excellent nutritional value, that does not contain gluten. The objective of this study was to develop gluten-free cañihua bread using sourdough and chia seeds. For this purpose, the work was divided into 3 stages: In the first stage, the techno-functional, thermomechanical and physicochemical properties of two varieties of cañihua (cupi and illpa Inia) were first evaluated, then the promising variety was compared with the thermomechanical and rheological characteristics of potato starch, due to its recognized use in gluten-free baked goods and, finally, a standard formulation of gluten-free cañihua bread without added starches with a specific volume of 2.96 cc/g was optimized. The viscoelastic properties of cañihua flour were related to the formation of a continuous protein phase with a predominance of aromatic and sulfur amino acids that, together with dietary fiber and xanthan gum, form a structure comparable to gluten. In the second stage, the physicochemical, techno-functional and thermo-mechanical characteristics of chia flour were first evaluated and then incorporated into the cañihua gluten-free bread formulation with the purpose of improving water retention, allowing to obtain with 7 percent substitution, greater chewiness, but lower specific volume and formation of micro alveoli that provided structure to the system. In the last stage, a sourdough of cañihua flour with Lactobacillus plantarum DSM 20174 was developed and included in the formulation of the previously optimized gluten-free breads to be evaluated for physical, physicochemical and microstructural characteristics, amino acid profile, antioxidant capacity and phenolic compounds. The cañihua bread made with sourdough provides a healthy alternative, with better accessibility of minerals, amino acid composition and good physicochemical and functional characteristics, taking advantage of an ancestral Andean crop resistant to climate change
Cañihua (Chenopodium pallidicaule Aellen) is a little-known native Andean grain of excellent nutritional value, that does not contain gluten. The objective of this study was to develop gluten-free cañihua bread using sourdough and chia seeds. For this purpose, the work was divided into 3 stages: In the first stage, the techno-functional, thermomechanical and physicochemical properties of two varieties of cañihua (cupi and illpa Inia) were first evaluated, then the promising variety was compared with the thermomechanical and rheological characteristics of potato starch, due to its recognized use in gluten-free baked goods and, finally, a standard formulation of gluten-free cañihua bread without added starches with a specific volume of 2.96 cc/g was optimized. The viscoelastic properties of cañihua flour were related to the formation of a continuous protein phase with a predominance of aromatic and sulfur amino acids that, together with dietary fiber and xanthan gum, form a structure comparable to gluten. In the second stage, the physicochemical, techno-functional and thermo-mechanical characteristics of chia flour were first evaluated and then incorporated into the cañihua gluten-free bread formulation with the purpose of improving water retention, allowing to obtain with 7 percent substitution, greater chewiness, but lower specific volume and formation of micro alveoli that provided structure to the system. In the last stage, a sourdough of cañihua flour with Lactobacillus plantarum DSM 20174 was developed and included in the formulation of the previously optimized gluten-free breads to be evaluated for physical, physicochemical and microstructural characteristics, amino acid profile, antioxidant capacity and phenolic compounds. The cañihua bread made with sourdough provides a healthy alternative, with better accessibility of minerals, amino acid composition and good physicochemical and functional characteristics, taking advantage of an ancestral Andean crop resistant to climate change
Descripción
Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Escuela de Posgrado. Doctorado en Ciencia de Alimentos
Palabras clave
Harinas; Pan; Gluten; Panificación; Industria panadera; Evaluación; Perú; Harina de Cañihua; Pan sin gluten; Chenopodium pallidicaule
Citación
Fecha
2021
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Licencia de uso
Excepto si se señala otra cosa, la licencia del ítem se describe como info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess