Evaluación de la dosis del extracto de torta de Moringa oleifera para la remoción de turbidez de un efluente agroindustrial
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Authors
Alvarez Chancasanampa, Hermelinda
Abstract
La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar la dosis del extracto de la torta de moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) para la remoción de la turbidez de un efluente de una
planta de proceso de néctar de maracuyá. Se realizó el análisis proximal de la torta de
moringa y los extractos (crudo y purificado). La cantidad de proteína cruda de la torta y de los extractos fueron de 50.214 %, 4.630 % y 50.130 %, respectivamente. La
electroforesis en gel de poliacrilamida (PAGE- SDS) reveló una banda principal de polipéptido cuyo peso molecular, aproximadamente, fue de 6.5 kDa.
Para la evaluación de la remoción de la turbidez se utilizó un experimento factorial en Diseño Completamente al Azar (DCA), siendo los factores: Factor A: efluentes a diferentes niveles de turbidez y el factor B: dosis del extracto de Moringa. En niveles de 250 a 450 NTU, con dosis de 600 mg/L, con el extracto crudo, se logró la remoción de turbidez en el rango de 46.88% a 51.51% y con el extracto purificado, con dosis de 300 mg/L, se logró una mejor remoción de turbidez, entre 87 % y 95.50 %. En cuanto al color con los mismos niveles de NTU, se observó una variación directamente proporcional a los cambios de turbidez. Con la dosis de 600 mg/L de extracto crudo, la disminución del color fue de 36.59% a 58.59% y con el extracto purificado, con dosis de 300 mg/L, se logró una disminución de color de 85.37 % a 91.92%. Para el caso de la conductividad eléctrica, así como para los sólidos disueltos totales (SDT), se observó un incremento de
2.45 a 3.55 mS/cm para la conductividad eléctrica y de 1.52 a 2.61 mg/L para los SDT.
Finalmente, el pH no fue afectado significativamente manteniéndose en el rango de 3.06 a 3.80.
The objective of this research was to determine the dose of moringa cake extract (Moringa oleifera Lam) for the removal of turbidity from an effluent from a passion fruit nectar processing plant. Proximate analysis of moringa cake and extracts (crude and purified) was performed. The amount of crude protein in the cake and extracts were 50.214%, 4.630% and 50.130%, respectively. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE-SDS) revealed a main polypeptide band whose molecular weight was approximately 6.5 kDa. For the evaluation of turbidity removal, a factorial experiment in Completely Randomized Design (DCA) was used, with the factors being: Factor A: effluents at different turbidity levels and factor B: dose of moringa extract. At levels of 250 to 450 NTU, with doses of 600 mg/L, with the crude extract, turbidity removal was achieved in the range of 46.88% to 51.51% and with the purified extract, with doses of 300 mg/L, Better turbidity removal was achieved, between 87% and 95.50%. Regarding the color with the same NTU levels, a variation was observed directly proportional to the changes in turbidity. With the dose of 600 mg/L of crude extract, the decrease in color was from 36.59% to 58.59% and with the purified extract, with a dose of 300 mg/L, a decrease in color from 85.37% to 91.92% was achieved. In the case of electrical conductivity, as well as for total dissolved solids (TDS), an increase from 2.45 to 3.55 mS/cm for electrical conductivity and from 1.52 to 2.61 mg/L for TDS was observed. Finally, the pH was not significantly affected, remaining in the range of 3.06 to 3.80.
The objective of this research was to determine the dose of moringa cake extract (Moringa oleifera Lam) for the removal of turbidity from an effluent from a passion fruit nectar processing plant. Proximate analysis of moringa cake and extracts (crude and purified) was performed. The amount of crude protein in the cake and extracts were 50.214%, 4.630% and 50.130%, respectively. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE-SDS) revealed a main polypeptide band whose molecular weight was approximately 6.5 kDa. For the evaluation of turbidity removal, a factorial experiment in Completely Randomized Design (DCA) was used, with the factors being: Factor A: effluents at different turbidity levels and factor B: dose of moringa extract. At levels of 250 to 450 NTU, with doses of 600 mg/L, with the crude extract, turbidity removal was achieved in the range of 46.88% to 51.51% and with the purified extract, with doses of 300 mg/L, Better turbidity removal was achieved, between 87% and 95.50%. Regarding the color with the same NTU levels, a variation was observed directly proportional to the changes in turbidity. With the dose of 600 mg/L of crude extract, the decrease in color was from 36.59% to 58.59% and with the purified extract, with a dose of 300 mg/L, a decrease in color from 85.37% to 91.92% was achieved. In the case of electrical conductivity, as well as for total dissolved solids (TDS), an increase from 2.45 to 3.55 mS/cm for electrical conductivity and from 1.52 to 2.61 mg/L for TDS was observed. Finally, the pH was not significantly affected, remaining in the range of 3.06 to 3.80.
Description
Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Escuela de Posgrado. Doctorado en Ciencia de Alimentos
Keywords
Efluentes agroindustriales
Citation
Date
2024
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