Enmienda del suelo con Lemna gibba y Alopez Forte y la incidencia de Sclerotinia sclerotiorum en Lactuca sativa en invernadero
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Authors
Bernaola De Medeiros, Franco Vinicius
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Abstract
Esta investigación se desarrolló de mayo a septiembre del 2019 en las instalaciones de la UNALM, con el objetivo de evaluar la incidencia del hongo Sclerotinia sclerotiorum frente a la enmienda orgánica de Lemna gibba y la aplicación de Alopez Forte en el cultivo de lechuga bajo condiciones de invernadero. Se utilizó un diseño de parcelas divididas completamente al azar. Se evidenciaron diferencias estadísticas entre dosis de L. gibba en interacción con el hidrolizado de pescado sobre la incidencia y el ABCPE de S. sclerotiorum. En sustratos inoculados sin L. gibba y con hidrolizado de pescado se presentó mayor severidad de la enfermedad, mientras que en los inocuos la dosis de 50 t/ha registró los mayores valores. Los sustratos inoculados mostraron mayor incidencia que los inocuos bajo 0 y 75 t/ha de L. gibba con el hidrolizado de pescado. No obstante, la adición de 75 t/ha de L. gibba mejoró significativamente las propiedades químicas del sustrato y ayudó a reducir la conductividad eléctrica que los sustratos sin L. gibba. Además, en presencia del patógeno, la aplicación de 50 y 75 t/ha de L. gibba mejoró el peso de hoja, raíz y longitud radicular de las plantas. En contraste, la adición del hidrolizado de pesacado en sustratos inoculados con el patógeno mostró un efecto negativo sobre el desarrollo de la lechuga, con reducciones numéricas en peso fresco de hoja y raíz, especialmente en ausencia de L. gibba, y presentó numéricamente mayores niveles de incidencia de la enfermedad. No hubo diferencias marcadas entre los sustratos con y sin el hidrolizado de pescado en el análisis físico químico del sustrato; en los sustratos inoculados con S. sclerotiorum presentaron mayor pH, fósforo y carbonato de calcio, mientras que los no inoculados, mostraron mayor contenido de materia orgánica, potasio, magnesio y menor conductividad eléctrica.
This research was conducted from May to September 2019 at the UNALM facilities, with the objective of evaluating the incidence of the fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in lettuce cultivation under greenhouse conditions, using the organic amendment Lemna gibba and the application of Alopez Forte. A completely randomized split-plot design was used. Statistical differences were observed between doses of L. gibba in interaction with fish hydrolysate on the incidence and AUDPC of S. sclerotiorum. In substrates inoculated without L. gibba and with fish hydrolysate, greater disease severity was observed, while in the uninoculated substrates, the dose of 50 t/ha registered the highest values. The inoculated substrates showed a higher incidence of disease than the uninoculated substrates under 0 and 75 t/ha of L. gibba with fish hydrolysate. However, the addition of 75 t/ha of L. gibba significantly improved the chemical properties of the substrate and helped reduce electrical conductivity compared to substrates without L. gibba. Furthermore, in the presence of the pathogen, the application of 50 and 75 t/ha of L. gibba improved leaf weight, root weight, and root length of the plants. In contrast, the addition of fish hydrolysate to substrates inoculated with the pathogen showed a negative effect on lettuce development, with numerical reductions in leaf and root fresh weight, especially in the absence of L. gibba, and numerically higher levels of disease incidence. There were no marked differences between the substrates with and without fish hydrolysate in the physicochemical analysis of the substrate. The substrates inoculated with S. sclerotiorum showed higher pH, phosphorus and calcium carbonate, while those not inoculated showed higher content of organic matter, potassium, magnesium and lower electrical conductivity.
This research was conducted from May to September 2019 at the UNALM facilities, with the objective of evaluating the incidence of the fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in lettuce cultivation under greenhouse conditions, using the organic amendment Lemna gibba and the application of Alopez Forte. A completely randomized split-plot design was used. Statistical differences were observed between doses of L. gibba in interaction with fish hydrolysate on the incidence and AUDPC of S. sclerotiorum. In substrates inoculated without L. gibba and with fish hydrolysate, greater disease severity was observed, while in the uninoculated substrates, the dose of 50 t/ha registered the highest values. The inoculated substrates showed a higher incidence of disease than the uninoculated substrates under 0 and 75 t/ha of L. gibba with fish hydrolysate. However, the addition of 75 t/ha of L. gibba significantly improved the chemical properties of the substrate and helped reduce electrical conductivity compared to substrates without L. gibba. Furthermore, in the presence of the pathogen, the application of 50 and 75 t/ha of L. gibba improved leaf weight, root weight, and root length of the plants. In contrast, the addition of fish hydrolysate to substrates inoculated with the pathogen showed a negative effect on lettuce development, with numerical reductions in leaf and root fresh weight, especially in the absence of L. gibba, and numerically higher levels of disease incidence. There were no marked differences between the substrates with and without fish hydrolysate in the physicochemical analysis of the substrate. The substrates inoculated with S. sclerotiorum showed higher pH, phosphorus and calcium carbonate, while those not inoculated showed higher content of organic matter, potassium, magnesium and lower electrical conductivity.
Description
Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento
Académico de Fitopatología
Keywords
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum
Citation
Date
2026
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