Bioestimulante de extracto de la microalga “Spirulina” (Arthrospira platensis) en maíz chala cultivado en La Molina

Abstract

El objetivo fue evaluar el incremento de biomasa y parámetros asociados en maíz chala (Zea mays L.) Dekalb 7088 sobre el cual se aplicó foliarmente extracto acuoso de spirulina (EAS). La cuantificación ocurrió en dos estadios de mazorca, lechoso y pastoso, por altura de planta, grosor de tallo, pesos secos (hojas, tallos, mazorca y panojas), área foliar verde y la concentración de fotopigmentos,. El experimento fue realizado en el campo “Libres - I Sector IV” de la Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Los tratamientos fueron T0: 0% EAS con 0.05% Tween 20 (control negativo), T1: 2.5 % EAS con 0.05% Tween 20, T2: 5% EAS con 0.05% Tween 20, T3: 7.5% EAS con 0.05% Tween 20, T4: 10% EAS con 0.05% Tween 20 , T5: 0.4% Bayfolan TM con 0.05% Tween 20 (control positivo) distribuidos según diseño en bloques completos al azar. El incremento de biomasa en pesos secos fue significativo (p

In the current study, aqueous spirulina extract (ASE) was applied foliarly to Dekalb 7088 maize at the V6 growth stage, and the increase in biomass and associated parameters were evaluated. The parameters measured were photopigment concentrations (chlorophylls A, B, and carotenoids), plant height, stem thickness, dry weights (leaves, stems, cobs, total dry weight), and green leaf area in two development stage of kernel growth: milky and doughy stages. The experiment was established in the "Libres - I Sector IV" field at Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. The treatments were T0: 0% ASE plus 0.05% Tween 20 (negative control), T1: 2.5% ASE plus 0.05% Tween 20, T2: 5% ASE plus 0.05% Tween 20, T3: 7.5% ASE plus 0.05% Tween 20, T4: 10% ASE plus 0.05% Tween 20, T5: 0.4% Bayfolan TM plus 0.05% Tween 20 (positive control) which were distributed according to a randomized complete block design. Results about increment of cob, dry weights, and stem thickness were statistically significant (p<0.05) in the T3 treatment at the milky stage, compared to T0. Photopigment concentrations were preserved. In conclusion, the ASE at a concentration of 7.5% with 0.05% Tween showed biostimulant properties that significantly increase the stem thickness, cob, and total biomass productivity in chala maize plants, and therefore, producing a new tool to help chala producers in Peru.