Rendimiento productivo de cuyes (Cavia porcellus) en crecimiento y engorde con tres forrajes diferentes bajo sistema de alimentación mixta
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Authors
Lezma Lima, Carlos Esteban
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Abstract
El presente estudio, realizado en la Granja de Cuyes Cieneguilla UNALM entre abril y junio de 2024, tuvo como objetivo evaluar el rendimiento productivo de 84 cuyes machos tipo 1, recién destetados (edad promedio 14 ± 3 días; peso inicial 250 ± 50 g), en crecimiento y engorde, alimentados bajo un sistema de alimentación mixta con tres forrajes diferentes y suplementación de vitamina C. Los animales fueron distribuidos al azar en cuatro tratamientos: T0 (control): concentrado + agua; T1: concentrado + agua + maíz chala; T2: concentrado + agua + hoja de camote; y T3: concentrado + agua + broza de brócoli. Se aplicó el Diseño Completamente al Azar para evaluar las variables. Los resultados indican que T3 (1100.41 g) superó significativamente en peso vivo final a T1, T2 y T0 en 130.92 g, 180.24 g y 322.13 g, respectivamente. Hubo diferencias significativas en la ganancia de peso, donde T3 (857.81 g) superó en 206.19 g al promedio de los demás. También se observaron diferencias significativas en el consumo de materia seca, con T1 (3494.42 g) superando en 966.29 g al resto. Respecto a la conversión alimenticia se obtuvo diferencias significativas, siendo T0 (3.33) y T3 (3.40) los mejores. La mayor mortalidad se observó en T2 (28.57 por ciento), y la menor en T3 (4.76 por ciento), con diferencias marcadas entre tratamientos. El rendimiento de carcasa mostró diferencias significativas, siendo mayores en T3 (63.88 por ciento) y T1 (62.18 por ciento) frente a T2 (61.18 por ciento) y T0 (60.09 por ciento). La retribución económica por kg de peso vivo fue mayor en T3 (S/. 14.68), seguida de T1, T2 y T0, con diferencias significativas. De manera coherente, el mayor mérito económico se observó en T3 (139.54 por ciento), reflejando su mayor rentabilidad. Estos resultados respaldan la factibilidad de incluir broza de brócoli en la dieta, ya que mostró un mejor rendimiento productivo y económico en cuyes en etapa de crecimiento y engorde.
The present study, carried out at the Cieneguilla-UNALM Guinea Pig Farm between April and June 2024, aimed to evaluate the productive performance of 84 type 1 male guinea pigs, recently weaned (average age 14±3 days; initial weight 250±50g), growing and fattening, fed under a mixed feeding system with three different forages and vitamin C supplementation. The animals were randomly distributed into four treatments: T0 (control): concentrate + water; T1: concentrate + water + husk corn; T2: concentrate + water + sweet potato leaf; and T3: concentrate + water + broccoli brushwood. The Completely Randomized Design was applied to evaluate the variables. The results indicate that T3 (1100.41 g) significantly exceeded T1, T2 and T0 in final live weight by 130.92 g, 180.24 g and 322.13 g, respectively. There were significant differences in weight gain, where T3 (857.81 g) exceeded the average of the others by 206.19 g. Significant differences were also observed in dry matter intake, with T1 (3494.42 g) exceeding the rest by 966.29 g. Regarding feed conversion, significant differences were obtained, with T0 (3.33) and T3 (3.40) being the best. The highest mortality was observed in T2 (28.57 percent), and the lowest in T3 (4.76 percent), with marked differences between treatments. Carcass yield showed significant differences, being higher in T3 (63.88 percent) and T1 (62.18 percent) compared to T2 (61.18 percent) and T0 (60.09 percent). The economic return per kg of live weight was highest in T3 (S/. 14.68), followed by T1, T2 and T0, with significant differences. Consistently, the highest economic merit was observed in T3 (139.54 percent), reflecting its greater profitability. These results support the feasibility of including broccoli brushwood in the diet, as it showed better productive and economic performance in guinea pigs during the growth and fattening stages.
The present study, carried out at the Cieneguilla-UNALM Guinea Pig Farm between April and June 2024, aimed to evaluate the productive performance of 84 type 1 male guinea pigs, recently weaned (average age 14±3 days; initial weight 250±50g), growing and fattening, fed under a mixed feeding system with three different forages and vitamin C supplementation. The animals were randomly distributed into four treatments: T0 (control): concentrate + water; T1: concentrate + water + husk corn; T2: concentrate + water + sweet potato leaf; and T3: concentrate + water + broccoli brushwood. The Completely Randomized Design was applied to evaluate the variables. The results indicate that T3 (1100.41 g) significantly exceeded T1, T2 and T0 in final live weight by 130.92 g, 180.24 g and 322.13 g, respectively. There were significant differences in weight gain, where T3 (857.81 g) exceeded the average of the others by 206.19 g. Significant differences were also observed in dry matter intake, with T1 (3494.42 g) exceeding the rest by 966.29 g. Regarding feed conversion, significant differences were obtained, with T0 (3.33) and T3 (3.40) being the best. The highest mortality was observed in T2 (28.57 percent), and the lowest in T3 (4.76 percent), with marked differences between treatments. Carcass yield showed significant differences, being higher in T3 (63.88 percent) and T1 (62.18 percent) compared to T2 (61.18 percent) and T0 (60.09 percent). The economic return per kg of live weight was highest in T3 (S/. 14.68), followed by T1, T2 and T0, with significant differences. Consistently, the highest economic merit was observed in T3 (139.54 percent), reflecting its greater profitability. These results support the feasibility of including broccoli brushwood in the diet, as it showed better productive and economic performance in guinea pigs during the growth and fattening stages.
Description
Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Facultad de Zootecnia. Departamento
Académico de Producción Animal
Keywords
Maíz chala
Citation
Date
2025
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