Eficiencia de producción de blastocistos bovinos monocigóticos a partir de embriones de ocho células y mórulas tempranas
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Authors
Calderon Mego, Oscar David
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Abstract
La generación eficiente de embriones bovinos monocigóticos es una estrategia clave para maximizar el potencial genético de animales de alto valor mediante el uso de tecnologías reproductivas avanzadas. Este estudio se comparó dos técnicas para producir blastocistos monocigóticos: la separación de blastómeras en estadio de ocho células y la bipartición de mórulas compactas, evaluando su efecto sobre la tasa de formación de blastocistos, la calidad embrionaria y el conteo celular. Se obtuvieron COCs de calidad 1 y 2 a partir de ovarios de matadero, los cuales fueron madurados, fecundados y cultivados in vitro bajo condiciones controladas (38 °C; 6% CO₂, 5% O₂). Los embriones en estadio de 8 células (48 h post-FIV) y mórulas compactas (120 h post-FIV) fueron asignados a dos tratamientos: separación de blastómeras y bipartición embrionaria, respectivamente. Para ambos procedimientos, la zona pelúcida fue removida mediante pronasa al 0.25% y los semiembriones resultantes se cultivaron individualmente en micropocillos WOW hasta el día 7.5. Los blastocistos obtenidos fueron evaluados según criterios IETS y posteriormente teñidos con DAPI para determinar el número total de células mediante microscopía de fluorescencia. Las variables tasa de blastocisto, calidad embrionaria y número celular se analizaron mediante pruebas Chi-cuadrado y Mann-Whitney, considerando p < 0.05. La producción de blastocistos monocigóticos fue efectiva mediante separación de blastómeras en estadio de 8 células y bipartición de mórulas compactas. No se encontraron diferencias estadísticas en la tasa de blastocistos entre ambos métodos (50.0% vs. 57.4%), aunque la bipartición mostró un rendimiento numéricamente superior y una mayor eficiencia global, generando 114.89% de semiembriones transferibles. Los semiblastocistos presentaron menor número total de células (135.4 vs 176.9) respecto a los controles, pero mantuvieron una calidad morfológica comparable. En conclusión, el estudio confirma que la separación en 8 células y la bipartición en mórula son métodos viables para producir blastocistos monocigóticos, aunque la bipartición en mórula mostró mejor rendimiento y mayor eficiencia al generar más de un semiembrión transferible por embrión.
The efficient generation of monozygotic bovine embryos is a key strategy to maximize the genetic potential of high-value animals through advanced reproductive technologies. This study compared two techniques for producing monozygotic blastocysts: blastomere separation at the eight-cell stage and bisection of compact morulae, evaluating their effects on blastocyst formation rate, embryo quality, and total cell count. Grade 1 and 2 COCs were obtained from slaughterhouse ovaries, matured, fertilized, and cultured in vitro under controlled conditions (38 °C; 6% CO₂, 5% O₂). Embryos at the 8-cell stage (48 h post-FIV) and compact morulae (120 h post-FIV) were assigned to two treatments: blastomere separation and embryonic split, respectively. For both procedures, the zona pellucida was removed using 0.25% pronase, and the resulting demi-embryos were individually cultured in WOW micro-wells until day 7.5. Blastocysts were evaluated according to IETS criteria and subsequently stained with DAPI to determine total cell number via fluorescence microscopy. Blastocyst rate, embryo quality, and cell count were analyzed using Chi-square and Mann–Whitney tests, with p < 0.05 considered significant. The production of monozygotic blastocysts was effective using both blastomere separation at the 8-cell stage and bisection of compact morulae. No statistical differences were found in blastocyst rates between the two methods (50.0% vs. 57.4%), although morula bisection showed a numerically higher yield and greater overall efficiency, producing 114.89% transferable demi-embryos. Demi-blastocysts exhibited a lower total cell number (135.4 vs. 176.9) compared with controls, but retained comparable morphological quality. In conclusion, this study confirms that eight-cell blastomere separation and morula bisection are both viable methods for producing monozygotic blastocysts, with morula bisection showing superior performance and greater efficiency by generating more than one transferable demi-embryo per embryo.
The efficient generation of monozygotic bovine embryos is a key strategy to maximize the genetic potential of high-value animals through advanced reproductive technologies. This study compared two techniques for producing monozygotic blastocysts: blastomere separation at the eight-cell stage and bisection of compact morulae, evaluating their effects on blastocyst formation rate, embryo quality, and total cell count. Grade 1 and 2 COCs were obtained from slaughterhouse ovaries, matured, fertilized, and cultured in vitro under controlled conditions (38 °C; 6% CO₂, 5% O₂). Embryos at the 8-cell stage (48 h post-FIV) and compact morulae (120 h post-FIV) were assigned to two treatments: blastomere separation and embryonic split, respectively. For both procedures, the zona pellucida was removed using 0.25% pronase, and the resulting demi-embryos were individually cultured in WOW micro-wells until day 7.5. Blastocysts were evaluated according to IETS criteria and subsequently stained with DAPI to determine total cell number via fluorescence microscopy. Blastocyst rate, embryo quality, and cell count were analyzed using Chi-square and Mann–Whitney tests, with p < 0.05 considered significant. The production of monozygotic blastocysts was effective using both blastomere separation at the 8-cell stage and bisection of compact morulae. No statistical differences were found in blastocyst rates between the two methods (50.0% vs. 57.4%), although morula bisection showed a numerically higher yield and greater overall efficiency, producing 114.89% transferable demi-embryos. Demi-blastocysts exhibited a lower total cell number (135.4 vs. 176.9) compared with controls, but retained comparable morphological quality. In conclusion, this study confirms that eight-cell blastomere separation and morula bisection are both viable methods for producing monozygotic blastocysts, with morula bisection showing superior performance and greater efficiency by generating more than one transferable demi-embryo per embryo.
Description
Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Facultad de Zootecnia. Departamento
Académico de Producción Animal
Keywords
Semiembriones
Citation
Date
2026
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Excepto si se señala otra cosa, la licencia del ítem se describe como info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess

