Evaluación del impacto socio productivo de los planes de negocio en cuyes (Cavia porcellus) del programa PROCOMPITE de la región Lima-Provincias, 2017-2019
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Authors
Trujillo Solis, Briguita Ada
Abstract
El objetivo fue evaluar el impacto social y productivo de los planes de negocio en cuyes, beneficiados por el fondo concursable PROCOMPITE de la región Lima - Provincias entre los años 2017 y 2019; se trabajó con doce asociaciones, cada una de ellas con no menos de 25 beneficiarios declarados en un principio; sin embargo, luego de realizar la validación correspondiente se determinó que al momento de la investigación solo existían 126 beneficiarios activos totales, teniendo en el muestreo aleatorio simple un tamaño muestral de 96 beneficiarios, divididos en forma proporcional. Los datos obtenidos fueron procesados en los programas estadísticos de Excel y el IBM SPSS Statistics v.23. Los resultados obtenidos en el estudio indican que la actividad que predomina en el universo estudiado es la crianza de cuyes (64.6 por ciento) en explotación permanente (93.8 por ciento). Se registró un promedio de 2.58 ha de piso forrajero y 220 m2 de espacio en el núcleo de producción por beneficiario. Se hace uso de jaulas (47.9 por ciento) y pozas (54.2 por ciento); comederos tipo tolva (65.6 por ciento), bebederos tipo pocillo (67.7 por ciento), habiéndose incorporado animales con genotipo mejorado (96.9 por ciento); el tamaño promedio fue de 232.6 animales por granja, incluyendo una distribución media de 126.3 reproductores hembras, 25.2 reproductores machos, 15.6 lactantes y 65.5 animales en recría, Se aprecia desarrollo de actividades de manejo como destete, saca, empadre; sin embargo, no se realizan adecuados registros (94.8 por ciento). Llevan a cabo alimentación mixta con el uso diario de balanceado (59.4 por ciento) siendo los forrajes más usados la chala (29.2 por ciento) y alfalfa (20.8 por ciento). En el aspecto económico y comercial, realizan venta de cuyes de forma local (79.2 por ciento) principalmente usando intermediarios (70.8 por ciento) y con presentación de animales beneficiados (53.1 por ciento), el promedio de venta por explotación es de 110.3 animales por mes, comercializados al precio de S/. 18 a 22 soles por animal beneficiado (45.8 por ciento), lo que representa un ingreso mensual medio de S/.684.8 soles por criador. Por otra parte, el principal problema declarado en esta actividad es el alto precio de los balanceados (25 por ciento); la percepción de crecimiento de la actividad fue de 80.2 por ciento, así como del plan de negocio ejecutado calificado de muy bueno en el 87.5 por ciento de los casos. El plan de negocio aplicado a la actividad cuyícola mejoró la competitividad y calidad de vida de los beneficiarios de PROCOMPITE en el periodo evaluado, causando un impacto inicial positivo en ellos.
The objective was to evaluate the social and productive impact of the business plans in guinea pigs, benefited by the PROCOMPITE competitive fund of the Lima - Provinces region between 2017 and 2019; work was done with twelve associations, each one with no less than 25 declared beneficiaries at the beginning; however, after carrying out the corresponding validation, it was determined that at the time of the investigation there were only 126 total active beneficiaries, having in the simple random sampling a sample size of 96 beneficiaries, divided proportionally. The data obtained were processed in the statistical programs Excel and IBM SPSS Statistics v.23. The results obtained in the study indicate that the activity that predominates in the universe studied is the breeding of guinea pigs (64.6 percent) in permanent explotation (93.8 percent). An average of 2.58 ha of fodder floor and 220 m2 of space in the production nucleus per beneficiary was recorded. Cages (47.9 percent) and pools (54.2 percent) are used; Hopper-type feeders (65.6 percent), well-type drinkers (67.7 percent), having incorporated animals with improved genotype (96.9 percent); The average size was 232.6 animals per farm, including an average distribution of 126.3 female reproducers, 25.2 male reproducers, 15.6 lactating and 65.5 rearing animals. Development of management activities such as weaning, removal, breeding, however, was not observed. they make adequate records (94.8 percent). They carry out mixed feeding with the daily use of balanced (59.4 percent) being the most used fodder chala (29.2 percent) and alfalfa (20.8 percent). In the economic and commercial aspect, they sell guinea pigs locally (79.2 percent) mainly using intermediaries (70.8 percent) and with presentation of benefited animals (53.1 percent), the average sale per farm is 110.3 animals per month, marketed at the price of S/. 18 to 22 soles per benefited animal (45.8 percent), which represents an average monthly income of S/. 684.8 soles per breeder. On the other hand, the main problem declared in this activity is the high price of balanced products (25 percent); the perception of activity growth was 80.2 percent, as well as the executed business plan qualified as very good in 87.5 percent of the cases. The business plan applied to the guinea pig activity improved the competitiveness and quality of life of the PROCOMPITE beneficiaries in the evaluated period, causing a positive impact on them.
The objective was to evaluate the social and productive impact of the business plans in guinea pigs, benefited by the PROCOMPITE competitive fund of the Lima - Provinces region between 2017 and 2019; work was done with twelve associations, each one with no less than 25 declared beneficiaries at the beginning; however, after carrying out the corresponding validation, it was determined that at the time of the investigation there were only 126 total active beneficiaries, having in the simple random sampling a sample size of 96 beneficiaries, divided proportionally. The data obtained were processed in the statistical programs Excel and IBM SPSS Statistics v.23. The results obtained in the study indicate that the activity that predominates in the universe studied is the breeding of guinea pigs (64.6 percent) in permanent explotation (93.8 percent). An average of 2.58 ha of fodder floor and 220 m2 of space in the production nucleus per beneficiary was recorded. Cages (47.9 percent) and pools (54.2 percent) are used; Hopper-type feeders (65.6 percent), well-type drinkers (67.7 percent), having incorporated animals with improved genotype (96.9 percent); The average size was 232.6 animals per farm, including an average distribution of 126.3 female reproducers, 25.2 male reproducers, 15.6 lactating and 65.5 rearing animals. Development of management activities such as weaning, removal, breeding, however, was not observed. they make adequate records (94.8 percent). They carry out mixed feeding with the daily use of balanced (59.4 percent) being the most used fodder chala (29.2 percent) and alfalfa (20.8 percent). In the economic and commercial aspect, they sell guinea pigs locally (79.2 percent) mainly using intermediaries (70.8 percent) and with presentation of benefited animals (53.1 percent), the average sale per farm is 110.3 animals per month, marketed at the price of S/. 18 to 22 soles per benefited animal (45.8 percent), which represents an average monthly income of S/. 684.8 soles per breeder. On the other hand, the main problem declared in this activity is the high price of balanced products (25 percent); the perception of activity growth was 80.2 percent, as well as the executed business plan qualified as very good in 87.5 percent of the cases. The business plan applied to the guinea pig activity improved the competitiveness and quality of life of the PROCOMPITE beneficiaries in the evaluated period, causing a positive impact on them.
Description
Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Facultad de Zootecnia. Departamento Académico de Producción Animal
Keywords
Cuyes
Citation
Date
2023
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