Propiedades funcionales de la fibra dietaría de cáscara de habas (Vicia faba) en ratas Holtzman sometidas a estreñimiento
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Authors
Orcón Aliaga, Gloria Victoria
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Abstract
El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar los contenidos de fibra total, fibra insoluble,
fibra soluble y propiedades funcionales de la cáscara de habas (CH); asimismo, determinar
la performance, producción de heces (peso y número) y consumo de agua en ratas Holtzman
sometidas a estreñimiento inducido y alimentadas con dietas conteniendo diferentes niveles
de CH. Se utilizaron 20 ratas Holtzman mantenidas en jaulas individuales. El estudio se llevó
a cabo en dos etapas: En la primera etapa (cinco días) todos los animales fueron sometidas
a estreñimiento inducido con una dieta conteniendo harina de cebada y Loperamida (0.7
mg/animal/día. En la segunda etapa (siete días) cinco ratas fueron alimentadas con una de
las siguientes dietas (tratamientos): T1, dieta sin CH; T2, dieta con 8 por ciento CH; T3,
dieta con 12 por ciento CH; T4, dieta con 16 por ciento CH. Todos los animales recibieron
Loperamida (0.7 mg/día) y tuvieron libre acceso al alimento y a agua fresca. En
ambas etapas se registraron la performance (pesos vivos, ganancia de peso, consumo de
alimento), peso de heces, número de heces y consumo de agua. Los resultados de los
análisis realizados en la cáscara de habas se presentan como promedios y desviación
estándar, mientras que los datos registrados en el ensayo con ratas se sometieron a análisis
de varianza bajo Diseño Completamente al Azar y para la comparación de medias se
utilizó la Prueba de Duncan. La cáscara representa el 14.2 por ciento del peso total de la
semilla de habas y los contenidos de fibra total, fibra insoluble y fibra soluble de la cáscara
de habas fueron 56.53 por ciento, 50.16 por ciento y 6.37 por ciento, respectivamente. En
la primera etapa, la performance de los animales y las variables fisiológicas medidas no
fueron diferentes (P>0.05) entre los grupos de animales. En la segunda etapa, tanto la
performance como las mediciones fisiológicas fueron significativamente (P<0.05)
influenciadas por el tratamiento dietario, particularmente el peso y el número de heces, y
consumo de agua, se incrementaron (P<0.05) a medida que se incrementa el nivel de CH
en la dieta; lo contrario se observó (P<0.05) en ganancia de peso y consumo de
alimento entre los grupos que recibieron las dietas conteniendo CH. En conclusión, la
inclusión de cáscara de habas en la dieta tiene efecto sobre la ganancia de peso, consumo
de alimento, peso y número de heces, y consumo de agua de animales sometidos a
estreñimiento inducido.
The objective of the present study was to determine the total fiber content, insoluble fiber, soluble fiber and functional properties of the bean shell (BS); Likewise, determine the performance, feces production (weight and number) and water consumption in inducedconstipation rats and fed diets containing different levels of CH. 20 Holtzman rats maintained in individual cages were used. The study was carried out in two stages: in the first stage (five days) all the animals were subjected to constipation induced with a diet containing barley flour and Loperamide (0.7 mg/animal/day). In the second stage (seven days), five rats were fed with one of the following diets (treatments): T1, diet without BS; T2, diet with 8% BS; T3, diet with 12% BS; T4, diet with 16% BS. All animals received Loperamide (0.7 mg/day) and they had free access to feed and fresh water. In both stages, the performance (live weights, weight gain, feed intake), weight and number of feces and water consumption were recorded. The results of the analyzes carried out in the bean shell are presented as averages and standard deviation, while the data recorded in the biological assays with rats was subjected to analysis of variance under Completely Random Design and for the mean comparison the Duncan test was used. The shell represents 14.2% of the total weight of the beans seed and the total fiber content, insoluble fiber and soluble fiber of the beans shell were 56.53%, 50.16% and 6.37%, respectively. In the first stage, the performance of the animals and the physiological variables measured were not different (p> 0.05) between the groups of animals. In the second stage, both performance and physiological measurements were significantly (p <0.05) influenced by dietary treatment, particularly weight and number of feces, and water consumption, increased (p <0.05) as the CH level in the diet increased; the opposite was observed (p <0.05) in weight gain and feed intake between the groups that received the diets containing CH. In conclusion, the inclusion of shell of beans in the diet have effects on weight gain, feed intake, weight and number of feces, and water intake of rats subjected to induced constipation.
The objective of the present study was to determine the total fiber content, insoluble fiber, soluble fiber and functional properties of the bean shell (BS); Likewise, determine the performance, feces production (weight and number) and water consumption in inducedconstipation rats and fed diets containing different levels of CH. 20 Holtzman rats maintained in individual cages were used. The study was carried out in two stages: in the first stage (five days) all the animals were subjected to constipation induced with a diet containing barley flour and Loperamide (0.7 mg/animal/day). In the second stage (seven days), five rats were fed with one of the following diets (treatments): T1, diet without BS; T2, diet with 8% BS; T3, diet with 12% BS; T4, diet with 16% BS. All animals received Loperamide (0.7 mg/day) and they had free access to feed and fresh water. In both stages, the performance (live weights, weight gain, feed intake), weight and number of feces and water consumption were recorded. The results of the analyzes carried out in the bean shell are presented as averages and standard deviation, while the data recorded in the biological assays with rats was subjected to analysis of variance under Completely Random Design and for the mean comparison the Duncan test was used. The shell represents 14.2% of the total weight of the beans seed and the total fiber content, insoluble fiber and soluble fiber of the beans shell were 56.53%, 50.16% and 6.37%, respectively. In the first stage, the performance of the animals and the physiological variables measured were not different (p> 0.05) between the groups of animals. In the second stage, both performance and physiological measurements were significantly (p <0.05) influenced by dietary treatment, particularly weight and number of feces, and water consumption, increased (p <0.05) as the CH level in the diet increased; the opposite was observed (p <0.05) in weight gain and feed intake between the groups that received the diets containing CH. In conclusion, the inclusion of shell of beans in the diet have effects on weight gain, feed intake, weight and number of feces, and water intake of rats subjected to induced constipation.
Description
Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Escuela de Posgrado. Maestría en Nutrición
Keywords
Vicia faba; Fibra de la dieta; Fibra bruta; Alimentos sanos; Calidad proteica; Antioxidantes; Compuestos fenólicos; Contenido fenólico
Citation
Date
2023
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