Implementación de un sistema de mejora continua para incrementar la productividad en una empresa metalmecánica
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Authors
Gonzalez Tovar, Grecia Fariva
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Abstract
El presente trabajo describe la implementación y validación de un sistema de mejora continua basado en el ciclo PDCA y herramientas Lean Manufacturing en la línea de perfilado de techos TR4XG de una empresa metalmecánica, con el objetivo de incrementar la productividad, optimizar recursos y reducir actividades sin valor agregado. La metodología aplicada consistió en cuatro etapas: Planear, donde se realizó el diagnóstico inicial mediante análisis de Pareto, diagramas de Ishikawa y matrices de criticidad para priorizar causas raíz; Hacer, donde se implementaron herramientas como SMED, 5S, DAP y estandarización de procesos; Verificar, mediante el monitoreo sistemático de indicadores clave como OEE, disponibilidad y horas paradas; y Actuar, consolidando la estandarización y difusión de mejoras. Los resultados más relevantes mostraron un incremento del OEE de 39.9% a 66.3%, superando la meta del 65%; reducción del tiempo de cambio de espesor de 40 a 30 minutos; y disminución del porcentaje de actividades necesarias sin valor agregado de 50.5% a 6.1%, muy por debajo de la meta del 20%. Adicionalmente, se logró reducir las horas paradas mensuales de 138 a 103 horas, generando ahorros económicos de S/ 3,936.71 en costos indirectos y S/ 2,050.88 en horas extras. Se concluye que la aplicación metodológica del ciclo PDCA y herramientas Lean permitió no solo alcanzar y superar los objetivos propuestos, sino también consolidar una cultura organizacional orientada a la mejora continua y la excelencia operativa sostenible.
This work describes the implementation and validation of a continuous improvement system based on the PDCA cycle and Lean Manufacturing tools in the TR4XG roof profiling line of a metalworking company, aiming to increase productivity, optimize resources, and reduce non value-added activities. The applied methodology consisted of four stages: Plan, where the initial diagnosis was carried out through Pareto analysis, Ishikawa diagrams, and criticality matrices to prioritize root causes; Do, where tools such as SMED, 5S, DAP, and process standardization were implemented; Check, through systematic monitoring of key indicators such as OEE, availability, and downtime hours; and Act, consolidating standardization and dissemination of improvements. The most relevant results showed an increase in OEE from 39.9% to 66.3%, exceeding the target of 65%; reduction in thickness change time from 40 to 30 minutes; and decrease in the percentage of necessary non-value-added activities from 50.5% to 6.1%, well below the 20% target. Additionally, monthly downtime hours were reduced from 138 to 103 hours, generating economic savings of S/ 3,936.71 in indirect costs and S/ 2,050.88 in overtime hours. It is concluded that the methodological application of the PDCA cycle and Lean tools not only achieved and exceeded the proposed objectives but also consolidated an organizational culture oriented towards continuous improvement and sustainable operational excellence.
This work describes the implementation and validation of a continuous improvement system based on the PDCA cycle and Lean Manufacturing tools in the TR4XG roof profiling line of a metalworking company, aiming to increase productivity, optimize resources, and reduce non value-added activities. The applied methodology consisted of four stages: Plan, where the initial diagnosis was carried out through Pareto analysis, Ishikawa diagrams, and criticality matrices to prioritize root causes; Do, where tools such as SMED, 5S, DAP, and process standardization were implemented; Check, through systematic monitoring of key indicators such as OEE, availability, and downtime hours; and Act, consolidating standardization and dissemination of improvements. The most relevant results showed an increase in OEE from 39.9% to 66.3%, exceeding the target of 65%; reduction in thickness change time from 40 to 30 minutes; and decrease in the percentage of necessary non-value-added activities from 50.5% to 6.1%, well below the 20% target. Additionally, monthly downtime hours were reduced from 138 to 103 hours, generating economic savings of S/ 3,936.71 in indirect costs and S/ 2,050.88 in overtime hours. It is concluded that the methodological application of the PDCA cycle and Lean tools not only achieved and exceeded the proposed objectives but also consolidated an organizational culture oriented towards continuous improvement and sustainable operational excellence.
Description
Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Facultad de Economía y Planificación.
Departamento Académico de Gestión Empresarial
Keywords
Mejora continua
Citation
Date
2025
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