Utilización de paja proveniente de mutantes de cebada (Hordeum vulgare) en la alimentación de vacunos en la sierra de Perú
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Authors
Llacsa Mamani, Javier
Abstract
El objetivo del presente trabajo fue la evaluación del rendimiento productivo, valor nutritivo y utilización de la paja proveniente del cultivo de mutantes de cebada en la alimentación de vacunos en zonas alto andinas. La investigación se realizó en dos localidades de la sierra central (IRD-sierra UNA-La Molina y distrito de Sincos, Junín). Su ejecución se llevó a cabo en tres etapas experimentales; a) Se evaluó el rendimiento productivo (De grano y paja expresado en kg/ha respectivamente) y valor nutritivo de la paja (kg proteína/ha, digestibilidad in vitro de materia orgánica y fibra neutro detergente) en 25 genotipos de cebada. El genotipo que mostró el mayor rendimiento en grano fue la UNALM96M6h-617, seguido de UNALM96M6h-748, UNALM96M6h-729 y UNALM96M6h-326. Adicionalmente el genotipo con mejor calidad mostro la UNALM96M6h-615, seguido de UNALM96M6h-617 y UNALM96M6h-588. No existe relación entre el rendimiento de grano y la paja de cebada de las líneas mutantes. A partir de dichos resultados, se identificaron a los mejores mutantes: UNALM96M6h-617 y UNALM96M6h-326, en base al ranking de mayor número de caracteres deseables. b) Se evaluo el comportamiento agronomico y valor nutritivo de dos genotipos de cebada seleccionados de doble propósito (UNALM96M6h-617 y UNALM96M6h-326). Para este trabajó se realizo la siembra en parcelas demostrativas y contrastadas con la variedad local, donde se evaluo las características de rendimiento de biomasa y valor nutritivo. De acuerdo a los resultados de la composición química, el genotipo UNALM96M6h-326 tiene mayor proteína (5.38 por ciento), DIVMO (51.87 por ciento) y FDN (50.00 por ciento), valores que nos permite decir que la paja de cebada no es totalmente baja de calidad. c)Se evaluó el impacto de la suplementación de la paja de cebada sobre el rendimiento productivo de vacunos alimentados con pastos naturales. El ensayo con vacunos, alimentados con paja de cebada mejorada (UNALM96M6h-326) y vacunos alimentados con paja de la variedad local, al pastoreo en la época seca, tuvo una producción de 4.0 y 3.5 kg de leche/vaca/día (p <0.01), respectivamente, existiendo una diferencia entre tratamientos, Se concluye que el genotipo UNALM96M6h-326 es un genotipo de doble propósito con superior alternativa productiva y su utilización de la paja de cebada tuvo un incremento de o.5 Kg/día de leche en comparación a la paja de la variedad local
The objective of the present work was the evaluation of the productive performance, nutritional value and use of the straw from the cultivation of barley mutants in the feeding of cattle in high Andean areas. The research was carried out in two localities of the central highlands (IRD-Sierra UNA-La Molina and Sincos district, Junín). Its execution was carried out in three experimental stages; a) Productive yield (grain and straw expressed in kg/ha, respectively) and nutritional value of straw (kg protein/ha, in vitro digestibility of organic matter and neutral detergent fiber) were evaluated in 25 barley genotypes. The genotype that showed the highest grain yield was UNALM96M6h-617, followed by UNALM96M6h-748, UNALM96M6h-729 and UNALM96M6h-326. Additionally, the genotype with the best quality showed UNALM96M6h-615, followed by UNALM96M6h-617 and UNALM96M6h-588. There is no relationship between grain yield and barley straw of the mutant lines. From these results, the best mutants were identified: UNALM96M6h-617 and UNALM96M6h-326, based on the ranking of the highest number of desirable characters. b) The agronomic performance and nutritional value of two selected dual-purpose barley genotypes (UNALM96M6h-617 and UNALM96M6h-326) were evaluated. For this work, sowing was carried out in demonstrative plots and contrasted with the local variety, where the characteristics of biomass yield and nutritional value were evaluated. According to the results of the chemical composition, the UNALM96M6h-326 genotype has higher protein (5.38%), DIVMO (51.87%) and FDN (50.00%), values that allow us to say that the barley straw is not totally low in quality. c) The impact of barley straw supplementation on the productive performance of cattle fed with natural pastures was evaluated. The trial with cattle, fed with improved barley straw (UNALM96M6h-326) and cattle fed with straw of the local variety, grazing in the dry season, had a production of 4.0 and 3.5 kg of milk/cow/day (p< 0.01), respectively, with a difference between treatments. It is concluded that the UNALM96M6h-326 genotype is a dual-purpose genotype with a superior productive alternative and its use of barley straw had an increase of o.5 Kg/day of milk compared to the straw of the local variety.
The objective of the present work was the evaluation of the productive performance, nutritional value and use of the straw from the cultivation of barley mutants in the feeding of cattle in high Andean areas. The research was carried out in two localities of the central highlands (IRD-Sierra UNA-La Molina and Sincos district, Junín). Its execution was carried out in three experimental stages; a) Productive yield (grain and straw expressed in kg/ha, respectively) and nutritional value of straw (kg protein/ha, in vitro digestibility of organic matter and neutral detergent fiber) were evaluated in 25 barley genotypes. The genotype that showed the highest grain yield was UNALM96M6h-617, followed by UNALM96M6h-748, UNALM96M6h-729 and UNALM96M6h-326. Additionally, the genotype with the best quality showed UNALM96M6h-615, followed by UNALM96M6h-617 and UNALM96M6h-588. There is no relationship between grain yield and barley straw of the mutant lines. From these results, the best mutants were identified: UNALM96M6h-617 and UNALM96M6h-326, based on the ranking of the highest number of desirable characters. b) The agronomic performance and nutritional value of two selected dual-purpose barley genotypes (UNALM96M6h-617 and UNALM96M6h-326) were evaluated. For this work, sowing was carried out in demonstrative plots and contrasted with the local variety, where the characteristics of biomass yield and nutritional value were evaluated. According to the results of the chemical composition, the UNALM96M6h-326 genotype has higher protein (5.38%), DIVMO (51.87%) and FDN (50.00%), values that allow us to say that the barley straw is not totally low in quality. c) The impact of barley straw supplementation on the productive performance of cattle fed with natural pastures was evaluated. The trial with cattle, fed with improved barley straw (UNALM96M6h-326) and cattle fed with straw of the local variety, grazing in the dry season, had a production of 4.0 and 3.5 kg of milk/cow/day (p< 0.01), respectively, with a difference between treatments. It is concluded that the UNALM96M6h-326 genotype is a dual-purpose genotype with a superior productive alternative and its use of barley straw had an increase of o.5 Kg/day of milk compared to the straw of the local variety.
Description
Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Escuela de Posgrado. Doctorado en Ciencia Animal
Keywords
Cebada; Hordeum vulgare; Mutantes; Perú; Alimentación de los animales; Consumo de piensos; Consumo voluntario; Digestibilidad; Vacunos; Paja de cebada
Citation
Date
2022
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