Impacto de la intensidad de uso y precipitación en el vigor y productividad de Festuca humilior y Calamagrostis vicunarum
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Authors
Tito Quispe, Edson Efrain
Abstract
El objetivo de la presente investigación fue estimar el impacto de los cambios de los patrones de precipitaciones e intensidad de uso en las especies claves Festuca humilior (Nees & Meyen) y Calamagrostis vicunarum (wedd) sobre altura, volumen y productividad. El estudio se realizó en pajonal húmedo de condición regular de la SAIS Túpac Amaru, ubicada en Junín a 4186 msnm. Los tratamientos fueron la combinación de tres niveles de precipitación (100 por ciento, 70 por ciento y 40 por ciento) con tres niveles de intensidad de uso (0 por ciento, 40 por ciento y 80 por ciento). Se utilizó el diseño de parcelas divididas en bloques con arreglo factorial de 2x3x3 (dos épocas, tres niveles de precipitación y tres niveles de intensidad de uso). Las variables evaluadas fueron: altura (cm), volumen (cm3 ) y productividad (gMS/planta). Festuca humilior mostro reducciones significativas en altura a intensidades moderadas de uso (40 por ciento), mientras que Calamagrostis vicunarum mostró reducciones significativas a mayores niveles de uso (80 por ciento), lo cual muestra una respuesta diferenciada de estas dos especies. En relación al volumen, altura y productividad, Festuca humilior mostro reducciones significativas a niveles de uso del 80 por ciento, mientras que Calamagrostis vicunarum no se vio afectada significativamente. En relación al impacto de los niveles de precipitación, los resultados no mostraron consistencia debido a la probable influencia significativa de flujo subterráneo y levantamiento hidráulico realizado por Festuca humilior. Sin embargo, se observó que Calamagrostis vicunarum fue menos impactada por la intensidad de uso que Festuca humilior tanto en época lluviosa como en seca. Estos resultados nos permiten plantear la hipótesis que Calamagrostis vicunarum es tolerante no solo a altas intensidades de pastoreo sino también a bajos niveles de humedad en el suelo.
The objective of this study was to estimate the impact of changes in rainfall patterns and intensity of use on height, volume and productivity of two key species Festuca humilior (Nees & Meyen) and Calamagrostis vicunarum (wedd). The study was conducted in a regular condition humid grassland area located in Junin - SAIS Tupac Amaru, at 4186 m.a.s.l. A split-plot design was used and the treatments included the combination of three levels of precipitation (100 percent, 70 percent and 40 percent) and intensity of use (0 percent, 40 percent and 80 percent). Thevariables evaluated were: height (cm), volume (cm3 ) and productivity (gDM/plant). Festuca humilior showed significant reductions in height at moderate intensities of use (40 percent), while Calamagrostis vicunarum showed significant reductions at higher levels of use (80 percent), showing a differentiated response of these species. Volume, height and productivity of Festuca humilior showed significant reductions at 80 percent level of use, while Calamagrostis vicunarum did show significant reductions. In relation to the impact of the precipitation levels, the results did not show consistency probably due to the significant influence of groundwater flow and hydraulic lifting carried out by Festuca humilior. However, it was observed that Calamagrostis vicunarum was less impacted by the intensity of use than Festuca humilior in rainy and dry season. These results allow us to propose the hypothesis that Calamagrostis vicunarum is tolerant not only at high grazing intensities but also at low levels of soil moisture.
The objective of this study was to estimate the impact of changes in rainfall patterns and intensity of use on height, volume and productivity of two key species Festuca humilior (Nees & Meyen) and Calamagrostis vicunarum (wedd). The study was conducted in a regular condition humid grassland area located in Junin - SAIS Tupac Amaru, at 4186 m.a.s.l. A split-plot design was used and the treatments included the combination of three levels of precipitation (100 percent, 70 percent and 40 percent) and intensity of use (0 percent, 40 percent and 80 percent). Thevariables evaluated were: height (cm), volume (cm3 ) and productivity (gDM/plant). Festuca humilior showed significant reductions in height at moderate intensities of use (40 percent), while Calamagrostis vicunarum showed significant reductions at higher levels of use (80 percent), showing a differentiated response of these species. Volume, height and productivity of Festuca humilior showed significant reductions at 80 percent level of use, while Calamagrostis vicunarum did show significant reductions. In relation to the impact of the precipitation levels, the results did not show consistency probably due to the significant influence of groundwater flow and hydraulic lifting carried out by Festuca humilior. However, it was observed that Calamagrostis vicunarum was less impacted by the intensity of use than Festuca humilior in rainy and dry season. These results allow us to propose the hypothesis that Calamagrostis vicunarum is tolerant not only at high grazing intensities but also at low levels of soil moisture.
Description
Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Escuela de Posgrado. Doctorado en Ciencia Animal
Keywords
Pajonal húmedo
Citation
Date
2024
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