Sustentabilidad del cultivo del arroz en la provincia de Los Ríos, Ecuador
Loading...
Código QR
Authors
Maldonado Contreras, Mercedes Maria
Contact Email
Abstract
El arroz es uno de los cultivos que tiene gran importancia económica y social en el Ecuador. El objetivo de este estudio fue, primeramente, caracterizar, tipificar y analizar la sustentabilidad de los diferentes sistemas de producción de arroz presentes en las fincas productoras de arroz en el cantón Babahoyo, Provincia de Los Ríos, Ecuador y, seguidamente, evaluar la calidad fisiológica y sanitaria de semillas de diferentes variedades de arroz utilizados por los agricultores de esa región. Los productores muestreados para la primera parte de este estudio fueron 96 de un total de 2630 unidades de producción agropecuarias, a quienes se les aplicaron encuestas estructuradas con 25 preguntas, considerando los factores socioculturales, económicos y ecológicos. Los datos obtenidos fueron analizados por métodos univariados y multivariados (análisis de componentes principales y análisis de conglomerados) para la caracterización y tipificación de las fincas y, con los datos de los indicadores económico, ecológico y sociocultural, fue evaluado la sustentabilidad. El análisis de calidad fue realizado en AGROCALIDAD, en los laboratorios de semillas y fitopatología de la Província del Guayas, Ecuador, utilizando ocho variedades de semillas de arroz (certificadas y recicladas). Los resultados muestran que los sistemas agropecuarios en los sectores analizados son diversos, donde el mayor número de familias se caracterizan por tener ingreso neto mensual mayor a 394 dólares americanos y tienen acceso a insumos para uso agrícola, pero tienen mayor incidencia de enfermedades y aplican productos fitosanitarios hasta cuatro veces durante el ciclo del cultivo de arroz. El análisis de conglomerados indicó cuatro grupos de productores en función de sus similitudes, siendo que los agricultores del tercer grupo, que son mayoritarios y representan el 35.4 por ciento del total, tienen mayor acceso a insumos para la agricultura y al crédito. Así también, las fincas productoras de arroz de Pimocha, Febres-Cordero, La Unión y Caracol del cantón Babahoyo del Ecuador resultaron ser no sustentables. Se constató también una mayor calidad fisiológica y sanitaria de las semillas certificadas en relación a las semillas recicladas de arroz utilizadas por el agricultor.
Rice is one of the crops of economic and social importance in Ecuador. The aim of this study was firstly to characterize, typify, and analyze the sustainability of different rice production systems present in the rice-producing farms in the Babahoyo Canton, Los Ríos Province, Ecuador, and subsequently to evaluate the physiological and sanitary quality of seeds from different rice varieties. For the first part of this study, 96 out of a total of 2630 agricultural production units were sampled, and structured surveys with 25 questions were administered to them, considering sociocultural, economic, and ecological factors. The data obtained were analyzed using univariate and multivariate methods (principal component analysis and cluster analysis) for the characterization and typification of the farms, and sustainability was assessed using economic, ecological, and sociocultural indicators. Quality analysis was conducted at AGROCALIDAD, in the seed and phytopathology laboratories of the Guayas Province, Ecuador, using eight varieties of rice seeds (certified and recycled). The results show that agricultural systems in the analyzed sectors are diverse, with the majority of families characterized by a monthly net income greater than 394 US dollars and access to inputs for agricultural use, but with a higher incidence of diseases and the application of phytosanitary products up to four times during the rice crop cycle. Cluster analysis indicated four groups of producers based on their similarities, with farmers in the third group, representing 35.4 percent of the total, having greater access to agricultural inputs and credit. Additionally, rice-producing farms in Pimocha, Febres-Cordero, La Unión, and Caracol in the Babahoyo Canton of Ecuador were found to be unsustainable. Furthermore, higher physiological and sanitary quality was observed in certified seeds compared to recycled rice seeds
Rice is one of the crops of economic and social importance in Ecuador. The aim of this study was firstly to characterize, typify, and analyze the sustainability of different rice production systems present in the rice-producing farms in the Babahoyo Canton, Los Ríos Province, Ecuador, and subsequently to evaluate the physiological and sanitary quality of seeds from different rice varieties. For the first part of this study, 96 out of a total of 2630 agricultural production units were sampled, and structured surveys with 25 questions were administered to them, considering sociocultural, economic, and ecological factors. The data obtained were analyzed using univariate and multivariate methods (principal component analysis and cluster analysis) for the characterization and typification of the farms, and sustainability was assessed using economic, ecological, and sociocultural indicators. Quality analysis was conducted at AGROCALIDAD, in the seed and phytopathology laboratories of the Guayas Province, Ecuador, using eight varieties of rice seeds (certified and recycled). The results show that agricultural systems in the analyzed sectors are diverse, with the majority of families characterized by a monthly net income greater than 394 US dollars and access to inputs for agricultural use, but with a higher incidence of diseases and the application of phytosanitary products up to four times during the rice crop cycle. Cluster analysis indicated four groups of producers based on their similarities, with farmers in the third group, representing 35.4 percent of the total, having greater access to agricultural inputs and credit. Additionally, rice-producing farms in Pimocha, Febres-Cordero, La Unión, and Caracol in the Babahoyo Canton of Ecuador were found to be unsustainable. Furthermore, higher physiological and sanitary quality was observed in certified seeds compared to recycled rice seeds
Description
Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Escuela de Posgrado. Doctorado en
Agricultura Sustentable
Keywords
Análisis multivariado
Citation
Date
2025
Collections
Seleccionar año de consulta:
Licencia de uso

Excepto si se señala otra cosa, la licencia del ítem se describe como info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess