Comportamiento de híbridos de maíz (Zea mays L.) con endospermo blanco y alta calidad proteíca en San Martín – Perú
Loading...
Código QR
Authors
Medina Cardenas, Kathleen Melody
Contact Email
Abstract
Los híbridos de maíz presentan características superiores a sus progenitores tanto en rendimiento como en calidad. El presente trabajo de investigación tiene como objetivo, identificar híbridos de maíz blanco promisorios para las condiciones del distrito de Juan Guerra de la provincia y región San Martin. Se evaluaron 18 híbridos entre simples y triples con alta calidad proteica del CYMMYT, para lo cual se empleó un diseño experimental de bloques completos al azar (DBCA), con tres repeticiones, en comparación con dos testigos locales INIA 610 e INIA 624, teniendo un total de 60 unidades experimentales. El área de siembra fue de 650 m2 aproximadamente, con un distanciamiento de siembra de 0.80 x 0.20 m. Las variables en estudio fueron el porcentaje de germinación, días a la floración masculina y femenina, área foliar, diámetro de tallo, altura de planta, número de plantas, altura de la mazorca principal, rendimiento de grano, peso de mazorca, peso de tusa, peso de 100 granos, porcentaje de desgrane, longitud de mazorca, diámetro de mazorca, número de hileras por mazorca, número de granos por hilera, porcentaje de proteína y el análisis beneficio costo de cada unidad experimental. Estas variables fueron determinadas por el análisis estadístico ANOVA o análisis de varianza y por la correlación de Pearson. Los resultados muestran que los híbridos con mayor adaptación a las condiciones agroclimáticas presentes en la zona de Juan guerra fueron H12, H6, H4, H7, H13, H18, H3, H10, H9 y H17 ya que presentaron mejores comportamientos en rendimiento de grano y superaron en algunos parámetros a los testigos locales como altura de planta, días a la floración masculina y femenina, peso de mazorca, peso de tusa, peso de 100 granos, porcentaje de desgrane, longitud de mazorca, diámetro de mazorca, numero de granos por hilera, relación beneficio costo y porcentaje de proteína.
Corn hybrids exhibit superior characteristics to their parents in both yield and quality. This research aims to identify promising white corn hybrids for the conditions of the Juan Guerra district of the San Martín province and region. Eighteen simple and triple hybrids with high protein quality from CYMMYT were evaluated. A randomized complete block design (RCBC) with three replicates was used, compared with two local controls INIA 610 and INIA 624, for a total of 60 experimental units. The planting area was approximately 650 m2 , with a planting spacing of 0.80 x 0.20 m. The variables studied were germination percentage, days to male and female flowering, leaf area, stem diameter, plant height, number of plants, height of the main ear, grain yield, ear weight, cob weight, 100-grain weight, shelling percentage, ear length, ear diameter, number of rows per ear, number of grains per row, protein percentage, and the cost-benefit analysis of each experimental unit. These variables were determined by ANOVA or analysis of variance and by Pearson's correlation. The results show that the hybrids with the best adaptation to the agroclimatic conditions present in the Juan Guerra area were H12, H6, H4, H7, H13, H18, H3, H10, H9 and H17 since they presented better performances in grain yield and surpassed the local controls in some parameters such as plant height, days to male and female flowering, cob weight, cob weight, 100-grain weight, shelling percentage, cob length, cob diameter, number of grains per row, cost-benefit ratio and protein percentage.
Corn hybrids exhibit superior characteristics to their parents in both yield and quality. This research aims to identify promising white corn hybrids for the conditions of the Juan Guerra district of the San Martín province and region. Eighteen simple and triple hybrids with high protein quality from CYMMYT were evaluated. A randomized complete block design (RCBC) with three replicates was used, compared with two local controls INIA 610 and INIA 624, for a total of 60 experimental units. The planting area was approximately 650 m2 , with a planting spacing of 0.80 x 0.20 m. The variables studied were germination percentage, days to male and female flowering, leaf area, stem diameter, plant height, number of plants, height of the main ear, grain yield, ear weight, cob weight, 100-grain weight, shelling percentage, ear length, ear diameter, number of rows per ear, number of grains per row, protein percentage, and the cost-benefit analysis of each experimental unit. These variables were determined by ANOVA or analysis of variance and by Pearson's correlation. The results show that the hybrids with the best adaptation to the agroclimatic conditions present in the Juan Guerra area were H12, H6, H4, H7, H13, H18, H3, H10, H9 and H17 since they presented better performances in grain yield and surpassed the local controls in some parameters such as plant height, days to male and female flowering, cob weight, cob weight, 100-grain weight, shelling percentage, cob length, cob diameter, number of grains per row, cost-benefit ratio and protein percentage.
Description
Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento
Académico de Fitotecnia
Keywords
Híbrido simple
Citation
Date
2025
Collections
Seleccionar año de consulta:
Licencia de uso

Excepto si se señala otra cosa, la licencia del ítem se describe como info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess