Evaluando el impacto de la agricultura ecológica en el bienestar de los productores
Authors
Ninahuanca Martínez, Marco Antonio
Abstract
El objetivo ha sido evaluar el impacto actual y potencial de la agricultura ecológica en el bienestar de los productores ecológicos del Perú. Mediante el uso combinado de técnicas de investigación cuantitativa y cualitativa se ensaya un método de evaluación del impacto de practicar la agricultura ecológica en el bienestar objetivo y subjetivo de los productores ecológicos del Perú, inquiriendo en su economía, ingresos, costos, beneficios monetarios, capacitación, salud, y ambiente. Se trabajó con metodología de investigación mixta, empleando técnicas de investigación cuantitativa y cualitativa en diseño paralelo y un solo reporte. El primer resultado constata que el impacto en el bienestar es diferenciado, los productores certificados que exportan logran un mayor nivel de ingreso, los productores más relegados distantes de los mercados logran ingresos menores, pero en cambio un mayor bienestar subjetivo y objetivo relativo a capacitación, salud y hábitat sano. En segundo lugar, se aplica una encuesta a una muestra de 100 productores ecológicos y el modelo econométrico realizado con regresión de mínimos cuadrados ordinarios, arrojó un indicador de bienestar MBIEN = 73 por ciento, en una escala de Likert que va de 0 (ningún impacto) a 100 (pleno impacto) en el desarrollo humano de los productores, y un coeficiente de determinación del modelo R2 = 0,5. En tercero, se realizó el análisis estratégico de fortalezas, debilidades, oportunidades y amenazas de la agroecología peruana. Se concluye que, la práctica de la agroecología impacta integralmente en el desarrollo humano de los productores ecológicos del Perú mejorando sus ingresos, salud, educación y ambiente. El impacto actual y potencial de la agricultura ecológica en el bienestar de los productores, es significativo y sostenible, recomendándose priorizar su apoyo como política de Estado para el desarrollo agrícola sostenible, concertando la acción de los gobiernos nacional, regional y local, las instituciones académicas, ONGs y las propias organizaciones rurales.
The objective has been to evaluate the current and potential impact of organic farming on the welfare of organic producers in Peru. Through the combined use of quantitative and qualitative research techniques, a method of evaluating the impact of practicing organic farming on the objective and subjective well-being of organic producers in Peru is tested, inquiring into their economy, income, costs, monetary benefits, training, health, and environment. We worked with a mixed research methodology, using quantitative and qualitative research techniques in a parallel design and a single report. The first result confirms that the impact on well-being is differentiated, the certified producers who export achieve a higher level of income, the more relegated producers distant from the markets achieve lower income, but instead a greater subjective and objective well-being related to training, health and healthy habitat. Second, a survey is applied to a sample of 100 organic producers and the econometric model carried out with ordinary least squares regression yielded a welfare indicator MBIEN = 73 percent, on a Likert scale ranging from 0 (no impact ) to 100 (full impact) in the human development of the producers, and a coefficient of determination of the model R2 = 0.5. Third, the strategic analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of Peruvian agroecology was carried out. It is concluded that the practice of agroecology has a comprehensive impact on the human development of organic producers in Peru, improving their income, health, education and environment. The current and potential impact of organic farming on the well-being of producers is significant and sustainable, recommending prioritizing its support as a State policy for sustainable agricultural development, coordinating the action of national, regional and local governments, academic institutions , NGOs and the rural organizations themselves
The objective has been to evaluate the current and potential impact of organic farming on the welfare of organic producers in Peru. Through the combined use of quantitative and qualitative research techniques, a method of evaluating the impact of practicing organic farming on the objective and subjective well-being of organic producers in Peru is tested, inquiring into their economy, income, costs, monetary benefits, training, health, and environment. We worked with a mixed research methodology, using quantitative and qualitative research techniques in a parallel design and a single report. The first result confirms that the impact on well-being is differentiated, the certified producers who export achieve a higher level of income, the more relegated producers distant from the markets achieve lower income, but instead a greater subjective and objective well-being related to training, health and healthy habitat. Second, a survey is applied to a sample of 100 organic producers and the econometric model carried out with ordinary least squares regression yielded a welfare indicator MBIEN = 73 percent, on a Likert scale ranging from 0 (no impact ) to 100 (full impact) in the human development of the producers, and a coefficient of determination of the model R2 = 0.5. Third, the strategic analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of Peruvian agroecology was carried out. It is concluded that the practice of agroecology has a comprehensive impact on the human development of organic producers in Peru, improving their income, health, education and environment. The current and potential impact of organic farming on the well-being of producers is significant and sustainable, recommending prioritizing its support as a State policy for sustainable agricultural development, coordinating the action of national, regional and local governments, academic institutions , NGOs and the rural organizations themselves
Description
Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Escuela de Posgrado. Maestría en Economía Agrícola
Keywords
Agricultura alternativa; Sistemas de información; Productores; Agricultura orgánica; Evaluación; Impacto; Perú
Citation
Date
2022
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Excepto si se señala otra cosa, la licencia del ítem se describe como info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess