Optimización sensorial de la técnica de lupulado en la elaboración de cerveza artesanal.
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Autores
Guanilo Pairazamán, Diego Jesús
Correo de contacto
Resumen
El objetivo del estudio fue optimizar sensorialmente la técnica de lupulado en la elaboración de cerveza artesanal. Se caracterizó las maltas y lúpulos con métodos estándares. Se estudiaron las técnicas de lupulado (whirlpool y dry hopping) mediante un diseño con arreglo factorial 23, donde los extremos inferiores y superiores de los tratamientos en experimentación obtenidos más tres muestras comerciales permitieron generar términos sensoriales con los consumidores para su aplicación del método CATA – JAR y caracterizar los prototipos de cerveza artesanal. Se obtuvieron características diferenciadas de humedad en maltas por debajo del 7%, mientras los lúpulos fluctuaron de 10,07 a 11,77%. Un contenido de cenizas mayor en lúpulos (7.08 a 8.97%) a diferencias de las maltas (<2%). Igualmente, se obtuvieron diferentes características de color entre los dos tipos de maltas y entre los cuatro tipos de lúpulos. Se generaron veintiún descriptores sensoriales. El método CATA reveló atributos particulares para cada tratamiento y cuyo mapa de aceptabilidad identificó cinco atributos de mayor impacto (“dulce”, “refrescante”, “sabor frutado”, “olor a miel” y “aroma a lúpulo”). Esto permitió replicar las muestras de mejor aceptabilidad del estudio (T6 y T8) que permitieron evaluar con el método JAR, encontrando resultados satisfactorios con atributos de porcentajes que superan el 60% (“aroma a lúpulo”, “refrescante”, “sabor frutado” y “olor a miel”) en la categoría ¨Justo en lo correcto” a excepción del atributo “dulce”, asociado a los hábitos de consumo de bebidas tradicionales con tendencias a incrementar este atributo, debido al predominio del amargor, no siendo necesario reformular. La caracterización de los prototipos se encontró dentro de las especificaciones a excepción del color que podría deberse a posibles oxidaciones propia de la tecnología aplicada.
The objective of this study was to sensorially optimize the hopping techniques in craft beer production. Malts and hops were characterized using standard methods. Hopping techniques (whirlpool and dry hopping) were studied using a 23 factorial design, the lower and upper extremes of the experimental treatments obtained, plus three commercial samples, allowed for the generation of sensory terms with consumers for the application of the CATA-JAR method and the characterization of craft beer prototypes. Distinct moisture characteristics were obtained in malts below 7%, while hops fluctuated from 10.07 to 11.77%. Hops had a higher ash content (7.08 to 8.97%) than malts (<2%). Likewise, different color characteristics were obtained between the two types of malts and between the four types of hops. Twenty-one sensory descriptors were generated. The CATA method revealed specific attributes for each treatment, and its acceptability map identified five attributes of greatest impact (“sweet”, “refreshing”, “fruity flavor”, “honey aroma”, and “hop aroma”). This allowed us to replicate the samples with the best acceptability of the study (T6 and T8) that allowed evaluation with the JAR method, finding satisfactory results with attributes of percentages that exceed 60% (“hop aroma”, “refreshing”, “fruity flavor”, and “honey aroma”) in the "Just About Right" category, with the exception of the “sweet” attribute, which is associated with traditional beverage consumption habits with a tendency to increase this attribute due to the predominance of bitterness, making reformulation unnecessary. The characterization of the prototypes was found within specifications except for the color, which could be due to possible oxidation inherent to the applied technology.
The objective of this study was to sensorially optimize the hopping techniques in craft beer production. Malts and hops were characterized using standard methods. Hopping techniques (whirlpool and dry hopping) were studied using a 23 factorial design, the lower and upper extremes of the experimental treatments obtained, plus three commercial samples, allowed for the generation of sensory terms with consumers for the application of the CATA-JAR method and the characterization of craft beer prototypes. Distinct moisture characteristics were obtained in malts below 7%, while hops fluctuated from 10.07 to 11.77%. Hops had a higher ash content (7.08 to 8.97%) than malts (<2%). Likewise, different color characteristics were obtained between the two types of malts and between the four types of hops. Twenty-one sensory descriptors were generated. The CATA method revealed specific attributes for each treatment, and its acceptability map identified five attributes of greatest impact (“sweet”, “refreshing”, “fruity flavor”, “honey aroma”, and “hop aroma”). This allowed us to replicate the samples with the best acceptability of the study (T6 and T8) that allowed evaluation with the JAR method, finding satisfactory results with attributes of percentages that exceed 60% (“hop aroma”, “refreshing”, “fruity flavor”, and “honey aroma”) in the "Just About Right" category, with the exception of the “sweet” attribute, which is associated with traditional beverage consumption habits with a tendency to increase this attribute due to the predominance of bitterness, making reformulation unnecessary. The characterization of the prototypes was found within specifications except for the color, which could be due to possible oxidation inherent to the applied technology.
Descripción
Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Facultad de Industrias Alimentarias.
Departamento Académico de Ingeniería de Alimentos y Productos Agropecuarios
Palabras clave
Lúpulo
Citación
Fecha
2026
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