Fertilización foliar con zinc para biofortificación de brócoli (Brassica oleracea var. Itálica) bajo manejo orgánico
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Authors
Ichpas Yauri, Katherine Jenniffer
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Abstract
La deficiencia de zinc es un problema que afecta a un tercio de la población y se asocia con problemas de crecimiento y capacidad de aprendizaje en niños y daños al sistema inmunológico. En este contexto la biofortificación agronómica representa una solución para el incremento de contenido de zinc en los cultivos. La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo incrementar el contenido de zinc en el cultivo de brócoli (Brassica oleracea var. Itálica). El experimento consistió en 5 tratamientos: tratamiento control, aplicación foliar al 1% en la aparición de la inflorescencia (1M1), aplicación al 1% a la semana de aparición de la inflorescencia (1M2), tratamiento de 0.5% en la aparición de inflorescencia (0.5M1) y aplicación al 0.5% en la aparición de la inflorescencia y a la semana (0.5M1+0.5M2). Para ello, las parcelas se distribuyeron utilizando un Diseño de Bloques Completos al Azar (DBCA) con cuatro repeticiones. Los resultados indicaron que la aplicación de zinc no influyó en el rendimiento, altura de planta, diámetro de inflorescencia y materia seca. Por otro lado, la altura de inflorescencia obtuvo menores resultados en el tratamiento 0.5M1 (19.6 cm) con respecto al control (20.7 cm) pero en el caso del diámetro de tallo y compacidad se observaron diferencias significativas obteniéndose mayores valores en el tratamiento 1M2. El análisis de concentración de zinc reveló una mayor acumulación en el tallo en dosis de 0.5M1+0.5M2 (38.25 mg kg‾¹) y en hojas e inflorescencia los mayores valores se presentaron cuando se aplicó a 1M2 observándose valores de 91.50 y 57.25 mg kg‾¹, respectivamente; mientras que el tratamiento control mostró resultados de 28.50 mg kg‾¹ en tallo, 36.50 mg kg‾¹ en hojas y 45.25 mg kg‾¹ en inflorescencia.
Zinc deficiency is a problem that affects one third of the population and is associated with problems of growth and learning ability in children and damage to the immune system. In this context, agronomic biofortification represents a solution to increase zinc content in crops. The present research aimed to increase zinc content in broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. Itálica). The experiment consisted of 5 treatments, control treatment, 1% foliar application at inflorescence emergence (1M1), 1% application at one week of inflorescence emergence (1M2), 0.5% treatment at inflorescence emergence (0.5M1) and 0.5% application at inflorescence emergence and at one week (0.5M1+0.5M2). For this, the plots were distributed using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four replications. The results indicated that the application of zinc did not influence yield, plant height, inflorescence diameter and dry matter. On the other hand, inflorescence height obtained lower results in the 0.5M1 treatment (19.6 cm) with respect to the control (20.7 cm), but in the case of stem diameter and compactness significant differences were observed, obtaining higher values in the 1M2 treatment. The analysis of zinc concentration revealed a higher accumulation in the stem at doses of 0.5M1+0.5M2 (38.25 mg kg‾¹) and in leaves and inflorescence the highest values were presented when applied at 1M2 observing values of 91.50 and 57.25 mg kg‾¹ respectively; while the control treatment showed results of 28.50 mg kg‾¹ in stem, 36.50 mg kg‾¹ in leaves and 45.25 mg kg‾¹ in inflorescence.
Zinc deficiency is a problem that affects one third of the population and is associated with problems of growth and learning ability in children and damage to the immune system. In this context, agronomic biofortification represents a solution to increase zinc content in crops. The present research aimed to increase zinc content in broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. Itálica). The experiment consisted of 5 treatments, control treatment, 1% foliar application at inflorescence emergence (1M1), 1% application at one week of inflorescence emergence (1M2), 0.5% treatment at inflorescence emergence (0.5M1) and 0.5% application at inflorescence emergence and at one week (0.5M1+0.5M2). For this, the plots were distributed using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four replications. The results indicated that the application of zinc did not influence yield, plant height, inflorescence diameter and dry matter. On the other hand, inflorescence height obtained lower results in the 0.5M1 treatment (19.6 cm) with respect to the control (20.7 cm), but in the case of stem diameter and compactness significant differences were observed, obtaining higher values in the 1M2 treatment. The analysis of zinc concentration revealed a higher accumulation in the stem at doses of 0.5M1+0.5M2 (38.25 mg kg‾¹) and in leaves and inflorescence the highest values were presented when applied at 1M2 observing values of 91.50 and 57.25 mg kg‾¹ respectively; while the control treatment showed results of 28.50 mg kg‾¹ in stem, 36.50 mg kg‾¹ in leaves and 45.25 mg kg‾¹ in inflorescence.
Description
Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento Académico de Suelos
Keywords
Biofortificación
Citation
Date
2025
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