El riesgo que representa la fauna para las operaciones aéreas
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Authors
Luján Ruiz, Arturo Frederick
Abstract
Cuando coexisten en el mismo tiempo y espacio la fauna y las aeronaves, se generan riesgos para las operaciones aéreas, al ser capaces dichas aeronaves de impactar con la fauna, sea en pleno vuelo o durante la carrera de despegue o aterrizaje, pudiendo ocasionarse desperfectos que llegan a provocar riesgos al transporte aéreo. Esta problemática denominada “peligro aviario” (bird strike o bird hazard) y actualmente asociado a “gestión del riesgo por fauna” (wildlife risk management), debe ser abordada por los explotadores de aeropuerto, donde uno de los aspectos más relevantes de la gestión será el determinar anticipadamente el nivel de riesgo que representa cada especie relacionada a los incidentes que ocasiona, los que pueden ocurrir dentro y fuera de los linderos del aeropuerto, posibilitando reducir la incertidumbre, lo cual servirá para que los gestores aeroportuarios dirijan sus esfuerzos y recursos para priorizar medidas de control hacia las especies de mayor riesgo y los factores que ocasionan su presencia. Se desarrolló una metodología para determinar un índice de riesgo de la especie (IRE) basada en (1) la probabilidad de impacto que viene a estar influenciada por los antecedentes de impacto, la tendencia que tiene la especia de agruparse, una estimación de su presencia durante un ciclo anual y su distribución espacial; mientras que (2) la gravedad del impacto, está definida por la masa corporal de la especie y su capacidad de ocasionar múltiples impactos en un solo evento (gregarismo). Se evaluaron 04 especies vinculadas a los impactos ocurridos durante el periodo 2017-2022 en un aeropuerto, resultando que las especies Coragyps atratus (gallinazo de cabeza negra) y Larus spp. (gaviota) tuvieron un IRE alto sobre la seguridad de las operaciones aéreas
When wildlife and aircraft coexist in the same time and space, risks are generated for air operations, as these aircraft are capable of impacting wildlife, either in mid-flight or during the take-off or landing, potentially causing damage that They cause risks to air transport. This problem called “bird strike or bird hazard” and currently associated with “wildlife risk management” must be addressed by airport operators, where one of the most relevant aspects of management will be to determine in advance the level of risk that each species represents related to the incidents it causes, which can occur inside and outside the boundaries of the airport, making it possible to reduce uncertainty, which will help airport managers direct their efforts and resources. to prioritize control measures towards the highest risk species and the factors that cause their presence. The study developed a methodology to determine a species risk index (IRE) based on (1) the probability of impact that is influenced by impact history, the tendency of the species to group together, an estimate of its presence during an annual cycle and its spatial distribution; while (2) the severity of the impact is defined by the body mass of the species and its ability to cause multiple impacts in a single event (gregariousness). 04 species linked to the impacts that occurred during the period 2017-2022 at an airport were evaluated, resulting in the species Coragyps atratus (black-headed chicken) and Larus spp. (seagull) had a high IRE on the safety of air operations.
When wildlife and aircraft coexist in the same time and space, risks are generated for air operations, as these aircraft are capable of impacting wildlife, either in mid-flight or during the take-off or landing, potentially causing damage that They cause risks to air transport. This problem called “bird strike or bird hazard” and currently associated with “wildlife risk management” must be addressed by airport operators, where one of the most relevant aspects of management will be to determine in advance the level of risk that each species represents related to the incidents it causes, which can occur inside and outside the boundaries of the airport, making it possible to reduce uncertainty, which will help airport managers direct their efforts and resources. to prioritize control measures towards the highest risk species and the factors that cause their presence. The study developed a methodology to determine a species risk index (IRE) based on (1) the probability of impact that is influenced by impact history, the tendency of the species to group together, an estimate of its presence during an annual cycle and its spatial distribution; while (2) the severity of the impact is defined by the body mass of the species and its ability to cause multiple impacts in a single event (gregariousness). 04 species linked to the impacts that occurred during the period 2017-2022 at an airport were evaluated, resulting in the species Coragyps atratus (black-headed chicken) and Larus spp. (seagull) had a high IRE on the safety of air operations.
Description
Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Facultad de Ciencias. Departamento Académico de Biología
Keywords
Impacto con ave
Citation
Date
2024
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Excepto si se señala otra cosa, la licencia del ítem se describe como info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess