Diversidad genética y estructura poblacional de Hemileia Vastatrix en dos zonas productoras de café del Perú
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Authors
Quispe Apaza, Cinthia Sheila
Abstract
Estudios de genética poblacional se han realizado con la finalidad de analizar la diversidad genética y estructura poblacional de Hemileia vastatrix en dos zonas productoras de café en el Perú. Los análisis se efectuaron mediante secuenciación de los espaciadores transcritos internos del ADN ribosomal (ADNr – ITS) de H. vastatrix muestreadas en dos áreas cafetaleras en los años 2014 y 2018. La población de H. vastatrix mostró una alta diversidad de haplotipos (Hd = 0.9373 +/ - 0,0115) con una baja diversidad de nucleótidos (π = 0,00322 +/- 0,00018). Asimismo, el AMOVA indicó que la población del hongo no se estructura por origen geográfico ni por años de muestreo (FST = 0.00180; P = 0.20053; FST = 0.00241; P = 0.19693). Adicionalmente, la red de haplotipos basada en el análisis filogenético intraespecífico de H. vastatrix utilizando secuencias peruanas y las del NCBI reveló que los haplotipos ancestrales peruanos, que se mantuvieron en el tiempo y espacio, corresponden a las secuencias reportadas de las razas II y XXII. Este resultado sugiere que no se han producido cambios sustanciales a lo largo del tiempo en la población peruana de H. vastatrix. El AMOVA de la distribución de la variabilidad genética del hongo a diferentes pisos altitudinales mostró que la población no está estructurada (FST = 0.00187, P = 0.24340). Esto sugiere que la población del patógeno no ha sufrido aún un proceso de adaptación con respecto a los factores climáticos. El análisis de la inferencia bayesiana mostró que el haplotipo Hap_1 correspondería a la raza II de H. vastatrix, que arribó a Perú en 1979.
Population genetic studies have been carried out in order to analyze the genetic diversity and population structure of Hemileia vastatrix in two coffee producing areas in Peru. These analyzes were performed by sequencing the internal transcribed spacer of nuclear ribosomal DNA (rDNA -ITS) of H. vastatrix collected from two coffee growing areas in 2014 and 2018. H. vastatrix population showed high haplotype diversity (Hd = 0.9373 +/- 0.0115) with a low nucleotide diversity (π = 0.00322 +/- 0.00018). Likewise, AMOVA indicated that fungus population has behaved as a large population without structuring by geographical origin and sampling years (FST = 0.00180; P = 0.20053; FST = 0.00241; P = 0.19693, respectively). Additionally, the haplotype network based on intraspecific phylogenetic analysis of H. vastatrix using Peruvian and NCBI sequences revealed that Peruvian ancestral haplotypes, which were maintained in time and space, correspond to the reported sequences of the races II and XXII. This result suggests that no substantial changes have occurred through time in Peruvian H. vastatrix population. The AMOVA of the distribution of the genetic variability of the fungus at different altitude levels showed that there is no structuring (FST = 0.00187, P = 0.24340). This would show that in the pathogen population there is not yet an adaptation process with respect to the climatic factors. The Bayesian inference analysis showed the Hap_1 haplotype corresponds to the race II of H. vastatrix, which arrived to Peru in 1979.
Population genetic studies have been carried out in order to analyze the genetic diversity and population structure of Hemileia vastatrix in two coffee producing areas in Peru. These analyzes were performed by sequencing the internal transcribed spacer of nuclear ribosomal DNA (rDNA -ITS) of H. vastatrix collected from two coffee growing areas in 2014 and 2018. H. vastatrix population showed high haplotype diversity (Hd = 0.9373 +/- 0.0115) with a low nucleotide diversity (π = 0.00322 +/- 0.00018). Likewise, AMOVA indicated that fungus population has behaved as a large population without structuring by geographical origin and sampling years (FST = 0.00180; P = 0.20053; FST = 0.00241; P = 0.19693, respectively). Additionally, the haplotype network based on intraspecific phylogenetic analysis of H. vastatrix using Peruvian and NCBI sequences revealed that Peruvian ancestral haplotypes, which were maintained in time and space, correspond to the reported sequences of the races II and XXII. This result suggests that no substantial changes have occurred through time in Peruvian H. vastatrix population. The AMOVA of the distribution of the genetic variability of the fungus at different altitude levels showed that there is no structuring (FST = 0.00187, P = 0.24340). This would show that in the pathogen population there is not yet an adaptation process with respect to the climatic factors. The Bayesian inference analysis showed the Hap_1 haplotype corresponds to the race II of H. vastatrix, which arrived to Peru in 1979.
Description
Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Escuela de Posgrado. Doctorado en Ciencias e Ingeniería Biológicas
Keywords
Diversidad genética
Citation
Date
2023
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