Caracterización molecular de secuencias asociadas a virus provenientes de Arracacha ( Arracacia xanthorrhiza Bancroft) y su detección en Papa
Authors
De Souza Pacheco, Joao Adhemir
Abstract
La arracacha (Arracacia xanthorrhiza Bancroft) es una planta cultivada en varios países de América del Sur. El producto comercial, la raíz reservante, tiene múltiples propiedades nutritivas, su fino almidón lo hace fácilmente digerible y tiene altos niveles de calcio y vitamina A. Debido a que hay muy pocos estudios en raíces y tubérculos andinos, los objetivos de esta tesis son: caracterizar las secuencias asociadas a virus detectados en muestras de arracacha mediante secuenciación profunda (deep secuencing), detectar dichas secuencias asociadas a virus tanto en arracacha y en papa; y evaluar los cebadores diseñados para su uso en la detección rápida de dichas secuencias asociadas a virus.. Se realizaron evaluaciones en plantas hospederas y se caracterizaron molecularmente los virus detectados utilizando la tecnología de deep sequencing. Se detectó el nepovirus Potato black ringspot virus (PBRSV) de una planta de arracacha conservada in-vitro, confirmándose la presencia del virus no sólo por identidad de nucleótidos y aminoácidos en ORFs claves, sino también mediante DAS-ELISA con anticuerpos comerciales para Tobacco ringspot virus y PBRSV. También se evaluó una muestra liofilizada infectada por el potyvirus denominado Arracacha potyvirus 1 (AP-1), se secuenció el virus mediante deep sequencing y se pudo obtener dos aislados del virus en esa muestra, cuyas secuencias indicaron que corresponden a Arracacha mottle virus previamente detectado en Brasil. De la misma forma, se evaluó dos muestras de arracachas que no mostraban algún síntoma por deep sequencing, obteniéndose dos secuencias nuevas relacionadas a crinivirus y vitivirus. Basado en las secuencias obtenidas, se diseñaron cebadores que sirvieron para evaluar accesiones de arracacha y plantas de papa colectadas en campos de agricultores en Perú y Colombia. Se logró detectar dichas secuencias nuevas en algunas muestras. Los intentos de transmisión mecánica y por posibles insectos vectores de estos virus putativos fueron negativos. Sin embargo, la organización genómica de las secuencias encontradas indica que pueden tratarse de virus nuevos capaces de infectar arracacha y papa.
Arracacha (Arracacia xanthorrhiza Bancroft) is a plant grown in several countries of South America. The commercial product, which is the storage root, has multiple nutritional properties; its fine starch makes it easily digestible and has high levels of calcium and vitamin A. Due to there are very few studies in Andean roots and tubers, the objectives of this thesis are: characterize the sequences associated with viruses detected in arracacha samples by deep sequencing, detect those virus-associated sequences in both arracacha and potato, and evaluate designed primers for use in the rapid detection of the virus-associated sequences. Evaluations were performed on host plants and the viruses detected using the deep sequencing technology were molecularly characterized. Potato black ringspot virus (PBRSV) nepovirus was detected from an in vitro conserved arracacha plant, confirming the presence of the virus not only by nucleotide and amino acid identity in key ORFs, but also by DAS-ELISA with commercial antibodies to Tobacco ringspot virus and PBRSV. A lyophilized sample infected with a potyvirus called Arracacha potyvirus 1 (AP-1) was also screened. The virus was sequenced by deep sequencing and two virus isolates were obtained in that sample, which sequences indicated that they correspond to Arracacha mottle virus, previously detected in Brazil. In the same way, two arracacha samples showing symptoms were evaluated by deep sequencing, obtaining two new sequences related to crinivirus and vitivirus. Based on the sequences obtained, primers were designed to evaluate the accessions of arracacha and potato plants collected in farmers' fields in Peru and Colombia. These new sequences were detected in some samples. Attempts of mechanical transmission and by possible insect vectors were negative. However, the genomic organization found in the sequences indicates that they may be new viruses capable of infecting arracacha and potato.
Arracacha (Arracacia xanthorrhiza Bancroft) is a plant grown in several countries of South America. The commercial product, which is the storage root, has multiple nutritional properties; its fine starch makes it easily digestible and has high levels of calcium and vitamin A. Due to there are very few studies in Andean roots and tubers, the objectives of this thesis are: characterize the sequences associated with viruses detected in arracacha samples by deep sequencing, detect those virus-associated sequences in both arracacha and potato, and evaluate designed primers for use in the rapid detection of the virus-associated sequences. Evaluations were performed on host plants and the viruses detected using the deep sequencing technology were molecularly characterized. Potato black ringspot virus (PBRSV) nepovirus was detected from an in vitro conserved arracacha plant, confirming the presence of the virus not only by nucleotide and amino acid identity in key ORFs, but also by DAS-ELISA with commercial antibodies to Tobacco ringspot virus and PBRSV. A lyophilized sample infected with a potyvirus called Arracacha potyvirus 1 (AP-1) was also screened. The virus was sequenced by deep sequencing and two virus isolates were obtained in that sample, which sequences indicated that they correspond to Arracacha mottle virus, previously detected in Brazil. In the same way, two arracacha samples showing symptoms were evaluated by deep sequencing, obtaining two new sequences related to crinivirus and vitivirus. Based on the sequences obtained, primers were designed to evaluate the accessions of arracacha and potato plants collected in farmers' fields in Peru and Colombia. These new sequences were detected in some samples. Attempts of mechanical transmission and by possible insect vectors were negative. However, the genomic organization found in the sequences indicates that they may be new viruses capable of infecting arracacha and potato.
Description
Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Escuela de Posgrado. Maestría en Fitopatología
Keywords
Arracacia xanthorrhiza; Solanum tuberosum; Virus de las plantas; Virosis; Síntomas; Genética molecular; Análisis microbiológico; Experimentación en laboratorio; Técnicas analíticas; Evaluación
Citation
Date
2021
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