Biologia y comportamiento de Planococcus ficus (Signoret) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), bajo condiciones de laboratorio en La Molina - Lima
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Authors
Salazar Lozano, Gabriela Gricelda
Abstract
Planococcus ficus, plaga de la vid (Vitis vinífera L.), causa daño al succionar savia e inyectar saliva fitotóxica, afectando el crecimiento y desarrollo de la planta y los racimos en la cosecha. En un estudio en la Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, se observó su biología durante tres generaciones, criándolos en papa variedad peruanita. Esta especie ovípara tiene un desarrollo variable según el género y las condiciones ambientales. El periodo de incubación varió de 7 a 9 días, observándose un efecto de la temperatura. La hembra presenta estados ninfales de 16 a 26 días y el macho de 12 a 20 días, la pupa del macho varía de 4 a 15 días. La longevidad de la hembra es de 20 a 41 días y la del macho de 2 a 7 días a 17.4 - 21.5°C y 78.0 - 83.7% HR. El ciclo total de desarrollo oscila entre 23 y 36 días para la hembra y 24 y 41 días para el macho a 17.0 - 20.7°C y 79.0 - 84.8% H.R. La capacidad de oviposición es de 128 a 709 huevos/hembra con 100% de viabilidad. La mayor producción de huevos ocurre en los primeros seis días del periodo de oviposición. El tiempo de fijación de las ninfas varía de 5 a 15 minutos, con mayor actividad por la mañana (6:00 am a 9:00 am) y noche (6:00 pm a 11:00 pm). El ritmo de oviposición es máximo entre las 12:00 pm y las 5:00 pm, cuando las hembras depositan más huevos. En resumen, a temperaturas más altas, el desarrollo de la plaga es más rápido, con un ciclo biológico total de 45 a 75 días para las hembras y 28 a 47 días para los machos.
The Planococcus ficus, a pest of grapevines (Vitis vinifera L.), inflicts damage by sapsucking and injecting phytotoxic saliva, adversely affecting the growth and development of the plant and grape clusters at harvest. A study conducted at the National Agrarian University La Molina observed its biology over three generations, rearing them on Peruvian potato varieties. This oviparous species exhibits gender-specific and environmentally influenced development. The incubation period ranged from 7 to 9 days, with an observed temperature effect, whereby an increase in temperature shortens the period. The female undergoes nymphal stages lasting 16 to 26 days, while the male undergoes nymphal stages for 12 to 20 days, the male pupa ranges from 4 to 15 days. Female longevity spans 20 to 41 days, and male longevity lasts 2 to 7 days at temperatures of 17.4 - 21.5°C and 78.0 - 83.7% RH. The total developmental cycle ranges from 23 to 36 days for females and 24 to 41 days for males at 17.0 - 20.7°C and 79.0 - 84.8% RH. Oviposition capacity ranges from 128 to 709 eggs per female with 100% viability. Peak egg production occurs in the first six days of the oviposition period. Nymph attachment time varies from 5 to 15 minutes, with heightened activity in the morning (6:00 am to 9:00 am) and evening (6:00 pm to 11:00 pm). Oviposition rate peaks from 12:00 pm to 5:00 pm when females deposit the majority of eggs. In summary, higher temperatures expedite pest development, with a total biological cycle of 45 to 75 days for females and 28 to 47 days for males.
The Planococcus ficus, a pest of grapevines (Vitis vinifera L.), inflicts damage by sapsucking and injecting phytotoxic saliva, adversely affecting the growth and development of the plant and grape clusters at harvest. A study conducted at the National Agrarian University La Molina observed its biology over three generations, rearing them on Peruvian potato varieties. This oviparous species exhibits gender-specific and environmentally influenced development. The incubation period ranged from 7 to 9 days, with an observed temperature effect, whereby an increase in temperature shortens the period. The female undergoes nymphal stages lasting 16 to 26 days, while the male undergoes nymphal stages for 12 to 20 days, the male pupa ranges from 4 to 15 days. Female longevity spans 20 to 41 days, and male longevity lasts 2 to 7 days at temperatures of 17.4 - 21.5°C and 78.0 - 83.7% RH. The total developmental cycle ranges from 23 to 36 days for females and 24 to 41 days for males at 17.0 - 20.7°C and 79.0 - 84.8% RH. Oviposition capacity ranges from 128 to 709 eggs per female with 100% viability. Peak egg production occurs in the first six days of the oviposition period. Nymph attachment time varies from 5 to 15 minutes, with heightened activity in the morning (6:00 am to 9:00 am) and evening (6:00 pm to 11:00 pm). Oviposition rate peaks from 12:00 pm to 5:00 pm when females deposit the majority of eggs. In summary, higher temperatures expedite pest development, with a total biological cycle of 45 to 75 days for females and 28 to 47 days for males.
Description
Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento Académico de Entomología
Keywords
Planococcus ficus
Citation
Date
2024
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