Combinación de tolerancia a calor y resistencia a virus en una población de papas Tetraploides
Authors
Mendoza Juarez, Grover Fraire
Abstract
En la costa peruana las temperaturas altas entre los meses de diciembre a febrero limitan la producción de papa. Adicionalmente, los virus de la papa (PLRV, PVY y PVX) causan la degeneración del cultivo. Los tubérculos-semillas infectados transmiten los virus de una generación a otra, reduciendo el rendimiento. Por esta razón el objetivo del presente trabajo fue mejorar el cultivo por tolerancia a calor y por resistencia a los tres principales virus. En un diseño genético línea por probador, se usaron 12 cultivares resistentes al PLRV como líneas y cinco clones, con resistencia extrema al PVY y PVX y tolerantes a calor, como probadores. Las cruzas produjeron 60 familias de progenies que fueron tamizados por PVX y PVY en invernadero, utilizando la técnica de inoculación masal con pistola asperjadora (IMPA), técnica desarrollada en el CIP (1990). Posteriormente, las 60 familias híbridas fueron expuestas en campo a la inoculación de PLRV por áfidos vectores, usando una hilera de plantas infectadas con PLRV de la variedad Ticahuasi alternada, cada dos hileras de progenie. Dos experimentos fueron establecidos, en Lima y en Tacna, usando un diseño de bloques completamente al azar con tres repeticiones. Como resultado de la investigación realizada se obtuvo dos nuevas variedades “Reiche” y “Primavera” aptas para procesamiento y de alta estabilidad. Además, se obtuvieron progenitores con resistencia extrema al PVX y PVY (C91.612 y C91.640), donde el clon C91.640 mostró resistencia a PLRV. En conclusión, estos dos clones junto con C91.628 y C91.645, los cuales presentaron buena HCG para rendimiento formarán parte del bloque de cruzamiento del Departamento de Mejoramiento Genético del CIP.
Along the Peruvian coast, the high temperatures from December to February reduce potato yield and quality. Also, the potato viruses, PLRV, PVY and PVX are the most important biotic agents into the crop degeneration, which infect tuber seeds by transmitting diseases to the next generation. For this reason, the objective of this research was to improve the heat tolerance and resistance of potato cropping to the three viruses. Using line x tester mating design analysis, 12 cultivars resistant to PLRV were used as lines and five clones with extreme resistance to PVY and PVX and heat tolerance were used as testers. As result, the 60 progeny families obtained were screened by PVX and PVY in a greenhouse, using the mass inoculation technique with one sprinkling gun (IMPA) (CIP, 1990). Afterwards, the 60 hybrid families exposed to a field PLRV inoculation by vector aphids, were sown alternated a row of PLRV infected plants with Ticahuasi variety, considering every two lines by progeny. Then, two experiments were established in Lima and Tacna, using a completely randomized block design with three replicates. Results showed “Reiche” and “Primavera” varieties had high stability. In addition, two parental material (C91.612 PVX and PVY (C91.612) with extreme resistance were obtained, where the C91.640 clone showed also resistance to PLRV. In conclusion, the latter clones, which showed, along with C91.628 and C91.645, good performance will be part of a plant-breeding program at CIP.
Along the Peruvian coast, the high temperatures from December to February reduce potato yield and quality. Also, the potato viruses, PLRV, PVY and PVX are the most important biotic agents into the crop degeneration, which infect tuber seeds by transmitting diseases to the next generation. For this reason, the objective of this research was to improve the heat tolerance and resistance of potato cropping to the three viruses. Using line x tester mating design analysis, 12 cultivars resistant to PLRV were used as lines and five clones with extreme resistance to PVY and PVX and heat tolerance were used as testers. As result, the 60 progeny families obtained were screened by PVX and PVY in a greenhouse, using the mass inoculation technique with one sprinkling gun (IMPA) (CIP, 1990). Afterwards, the 60 hybrid families exposed to a field PLRV inoculation by vector aphids, were sown alternated a row of PLRV infected plants with Ticahuasi variety, considering every two lines by progeny. Then, two experiments were established in Lima and Tacna, using a completely randomized block design with three replicates. Results showed “Reiche” and “Primavera” varieties had high stability. In addition, two parental material (C91.612 PVX and PVY (C91.612) with extreme resistance were obtained, where the C91.640 clone showed also resistance to PLRV. In conclusion, the latter clones, which showed, along with C91.628 and C91.645, good performance will be part of a plant-breeding program at CIP.
Description
Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Escuela de Posgrado. Maestría en Mejoramiento Genético de Plantas
Keywords
Solanum tuberosum; Clones; Virus de las plantas; Enfermedades de las plantas; Resistencia a la enfermedad; Resistencia genética; Tolerancia al calor; Resistencia a la temperatura; Perú; Virus del enrollamiento de la hoja de papa; PLRV; Virus X de la papa; Virus Y de la papa; Papa Tetraploide
Citation
Date
2021
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