Fluctuación estacional de Anastrepha spp. y Ceratitis capitata Wiedemann (Diptera: Tephritidae), con dos atrayentes, en San Ramón - Chanchamayo
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Authors
Quispe Palma, Cristel Bonny
Abstract
La naranja valencia, es considerado uno de los cítricos más importante a nivel mundial, encontrándose a Perú en el quinto lugar como exportador de cítricos. Desde hace más de 10 años, en el distrito de San Ramón, las moscas de la fruta se han convertido en un gran problema porque afectan a estos frutos, generalmente del género Anastrepha. Por ello, se realizó un estudio cuyo objetivo principal fue evaluar la fluctuación estacional de Anastrepha spp. y Ceratitis capitata, con dos atrayentes alimenticios Buminal y parches de Biolure® (acetato de amonio + putrescina). Se instaló 20 trampas caseras de botellas recicladas (250ml), 10 para Buminal + bórax y 10 para parches + bórax, en árboles de naranja valencia. Se realizó el análisis de correlación lineal mediante la prueba de coeficiente de Pearson, entre las variables cuantitativas (especímenes capturados vs T°, HR y PP); al no cumplir con los supuestos de normalidad y homogeneidad de varianzas se realizó la prueba no paramétrica Kruskal-Waliis. Se capturaron 19097 especímenes, siendo más diverso Anastrepha (99.8%), con 14 especies: Anastrepha alveata, Anastrepha barnesi, Anastrepha distincta, Anastrepha fraterculus, Anastrepha grandis, Anastrepha kuhlmanni, Anastrepha leptozona, Anastrepha litoralis, Anastrepha manihoti, Anastrepha montei, Anastrepha obliqua, Anastrepha pickeli, Anastrepha serpentina, Anastrepha striata, y Anastrepha spp., y se reportó a Ceratitis capitata (0.2%) en el distrito, con más hembras que machos; en la estación donde se capturó más moscas fue en invierno del año 2018 y 2019, y una correlación negativa cuando se registró las más bajas T°, HR y PP; y, el atrayente alimenticio Buminal capturó más moscas de la fruta cuando se presentaron T°, HR y PP bajas.
The valencia orange is considered one of the most important citrus fruits worldwide, finding Peru in fifth place as a citrus exporter. For more than ten years, in the district of San Ramón, fruit flies have become a big problem because they affect these fruits, generally of the genus Anastrepha. Therefore, a study was carried out whose main objective was to evaluate the seasonal fluctuation of Anastrepha spp. and Ceratitis capitata, with two Buminal food attractants and Biolure patches (ammonium acetate + putrescine). Twenty homemade traps made from recycled bottles (250ml) were installed, 10 for Buminal + borax and 10 for patches + borax, installed in Valencia orange trees. Linear correlation analysis was performed using the Pearson coefficient test between the quantitative variables (captured specimens vs. T°, HR and PP); since the assumptions of normality and homogeneity of variances were not met, the Kruskal-Waliis nonparametric test was performed. A total of 19097 specimens were captured, Anastrepha being the most diverse (99.8%), with 14 species: Anastrepha alveata, Anastrepha barnesi, Anastrepha distincta, Anastrepha fraterculus, Anastrepha grandis, Anastrepha kuhlmanni, Anastrepha leptozona, Anastrepha litoralis, Anastrepha manihoti, Anastrepha montei, Anastrepha obliqua, Anastrepha pickeli, Anastrepha serpentina, Anastrepha striata, and Anastrepha spp., and Ceratitis capitata (0.2%) was reported in the district, with more females than males; in the season where more flies were captured was in the winter of 2018 and 2019, and a negative correlation when the lowest T°, HR and PP were recorded; and, the food attractant Buminal captured more fruit flies when T°, HR and PP were low.
The valencia orange is considered one of the most important citrus fruits worldwide, finding Peru in fifth place as a citrus exporter. For more than ten years, in the district of San Ramón, fruit flies have become a big problem because they affect these fruits, generally of the genus Anastrepha. Therefore, a study was carried out whose main objective was to evaluate the seasonal fluctuation of Anastrepha spp. and Ceratitis capitata, with two Buminal food attractants and Biolure patches (ammonium acetate + putrescine). Twenty homemade traps made from recycled bottles (250ml) were installed, 10 for Buminal + borax and 10 for patches + borax, installed in Valencia orange trees. Linear correlation analysis was performed using the Pearson coefficient test between the quantitative variables (captured specimens vs. T°, HR and PP); since the assumptions of normality and homogeneity of variances were not met, the Kruskal-Waliis nonparametric test was performed. A total of 19097 specimens were captured, Anastrepha being the most diverse (99.8%), with 14 species: Anastrepha alveata, Anastrepha barnesi, Anastrepha distincta, Anastrepha fraterculus, Anastrepha grandis, Anastrepha kuhlmanni, Anastrepha leptozona, Anastrepha litoralis, Anastrepha manihoti, Anastrepha montei, Anastrepha obliqua, Anastrepha pickeli, Anastrepha serpentina, Anastrepha striata, and Anastrepha spp., and Ceratitis capitata (0.2%) was reported in the district, with more females than males; in the season where more flies were captured was in the winter of 2018 and 2019, and a negative correlation when the lowest T°, HR and PP were recorded; and, the food attractant Buminal captured more fruit flies when T°, HR and PP were low.
Description
Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento
Académico de Entomología
Keywords
Fluctuación estacional
Citation
Date
2024
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