Comparación del sistema de riego por goteo con apertura de válvulas de forma manual y automatizada con DREAM2, en arándano
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Authors
Uribe Arenaza, Fernando Axel
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Abstract
La eficiencia del riego por goteo depende no solo de la infraestructura instalada, sino también de una programación adecuada que responda a las necesidades hídricas del cultivo y a las condiciones climáticas del entorno. En este contexto, la automatización mediante tecnologías de control representa una alternativa viable para optimizar el uso del recurso hídrico y mejorar la gestión operativa. La presente tesis tuvo como objetivo comparar el consumo de agua y los costos operativos entre un sistema de riego por goteo con apertura manual de válvulas y un sistema automatizado mediante la plataforma DREAM2, aplicado al cultivo de arándano (Vaccinium corymbosum). Para ello, se realizó la caracterización técnica de ambos sistemas, considerando el volumen de agua utilizado en los distintos turnos de riego y los costos asociados a su instalación y funcionamiento. Los resultados evidencian que el sistema manual requiere 1,330,8 m³ de agua por ciclo de riego de 3 horas, mientras que el sistema automatizado DREAM2 reduce el volumen aplicado entre un 15 % y 20 %, utilizando aproximadamente 1,109 m³ en un menor tiempo, de 2,5 horas. En cuanto a los costos totales, la automatización representó una inversión de 28,676 USD, significativamente menor que los 53,460 USD del sistema manual, generando un ahorro de 24,784 USD. Se concluye que la implementación del sistema DREAM2 mejora significativamente la eficiencia hídrica, reduce la dependencia de mano de obra, y representa una opción técnica y económicamente sostenible para cultivos de alta demanda hídrica y valor comercial como el arándano.
The efficiency of drip irrigation depends not only on the installed infrastructure but also on appropriate scheduling that meets the crop’s water requirements and local climatic conditions. In this context, automation through control technologies represents a viable alternative to optimize water use and improve operational management. This thesis aimed to compare water consumption and operational costs between a drip irrigation system with manual valve operation and an automated system using the DREAM2 platform, applied to blueberry crops (Vaccinium corymbosum). A technical characterization of both systems was conducted, evaluating the volume of water used during different irrigation shifts and the costs related to their installation and operation. Results showed that the manual system required 1,330,8 m³ of water over a 3-hour irrigation cycle, whereas the automated DREAM2 system reduced the applied volume by 15% to 20%, using approximately 1,109 m³ over a shorter period of 2,5 hours. Regarding total costs, the implementation of the automated system involved an investment of USD 28,676, significantly lower than the USD 53,460 of the manual system, resulting in savings of USD 24,784. It is concluded that the implementation of the DREAM2 system significantly improves water efficiency, reduces labor dependency, and constitutes a technically and economically sustainable alternative for high water-demand and high-value crops such as blueberries.
The efficiency of drip irrigation depends not only on the installed infrastructure but also on appropriate scheduling that meets the crop’s water requirements and local climatic conditions. In this context, automation through control technologies represents a viable alternative to optimize water use and improve operational management. This thesis aimed to compare water consumption and operational costs between a drip irrigation system with manual valve operation and an automated system using the DREAM2 platform, applied to blueberry crops (Vaccinium corymbosum). A technical characterization of both systems was conducted, evaluating the volume of water used during different irrigation shifts and the costs related to their installation and operation. Results showed that the manual system required 1,330,8 m³ of water over a 3-hour irrigation cycle, whereas the automated DREAM2 system reduced the applied volume by 15% to 20%, using approximately 1,109 m³ over a shorter period of 2,5 hours. Regarding total costs, the implementation of the automated system involved an investment of USD 28,676, significantly lower than the USD 53,460 of the manual system, resulting in savings of USD 24,784. It is concluded that the implementation of the DREAM2 system significantly improves water efficiency, reduces labor dependency, and constitutes a technically and economically sustainable alternative for high water-demand and high-value crops such as blueberries.
Description
Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Facultad de Ingeniería Agrícola.
Departamento Académico de Recursos Hídricos
Keywords
Arándano
Citation
Date
2025
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