Fenotipado fotosintético, evolución estructural de rubisco y transcriptómica de Calycophyllum spruceanum y Guazuma crinita
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Authors
Camel Paucar, Vladimir Fernando
Abstract
La presente tesis tuvo como objetivos caracterizar la fenología fotosintética, analizar la evolución estructural de la ribulosa-1,5-bisfosfato carboxilasa oxigenasa (RuBisCO) y realizar un análisis transcriptómico para identificar genes asociados a la xilogénesis en Guazuma crinita Mart. (Bolaina) y Calycophyllum spruceanum Benth Hook f. ex Schumann (Capirona). Como resultados principales, G. crinita presentó altos índices de rendimiento cuántico (Phi2) durante todo el año. En invierno, sus hojas jóvenes presentaron mayor Phi2 que las hojas viejas y se relacionaron positivamente con el mayor diámetro de lumen de las fibras. Contrario a ello, en las hojas caducas de C. spruceanum, disminuyeron abruptamente los valores de Phi2 en invierno, además no se encontró correlación entre Phi2 y diámetro del lumen de la fibra a lo largo del tallo. En ambas especies se incrementaron los valores de enfriamiento no fotoquímico (NPQt) en invierno, ayudando a disipar la energía luminosa en forma de calor para la adaptación al frio y minimizar el daño del PSII. Por otra parte, el estudio de la evolución estructural de RuBisCO en las isoformas I, II y III exhibieron mayor fluctuación en el loop entre αB y βC, además presentaron correlación positiva con el loop 6, la cual es una región importante en la actividad enzimática y en los estados conformacionales de la RuBisCO. Asimismo, un aumento en la flexibilidad de la estructura loop entre αB y βC, Lys322 (loop6) estaría afectando la actividad catalítica de la enzima. Respecto a los resultados del transcriptoma, se logró obtener 3580 genes diferencialmente expresos (GDEs) del xilema secundario para G. crinita y 3470 para C. spruceanum. Estos genes incluyen factores de transcripción NAC y MYB relacionados con la biosíntesis de la pared celular secundaria, genes relacionados con la mayoría de los pasos metabólicos de la biosíntesis de celulosa, hemicelulosa y lignina. En conclusión, este estudio contribuye a la comprensión de los mecanismos fotosintéticos y de xilogénesis en Bolaina y Capirona, dos árboles endémicos de la amazonia que tienen gran importancia económica, social y ambiental.
The present thesis aimed to characterize the photosynthetic phenology, analyze the structural evolution of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase oxygenase (RuBisCO), and perform a transcriptomic analysis to identify genes associated with xylogenesis in Guazuma crinita Mart. (Bolaina) and Calycophyllum spruceanum Benth Hook f. ex Schumann (Capirona). As the main results, G. crinita presented high quantum yield (Phi2) indices throughout the year. In winter, its young leaves presented higher Phi2 than old leaves and were positively related to the greater lumen diameter of the fibers. Contrary to this, in deciduous leaves of C. spruceanum, Phi2 values decreased abruptly in winter, and no correlation was found between Phi2 and fiber lumen diameter along the stem. In both species, non-photochemical cooling (NPQt) values increased in winter, helping to dissipate light energy as heat for cold adaptation and minimizing PSII damage. On the other hand, the study of the structural evolution of RuBisCO in isoforms I, II, and III exhibited greater fluctuation in the loop between αB and βC. Also, I presented a positive correlation with loop 6, which is an important region in the enzymatic activity and the conformational states of RuBisCO. Likewise, an increase in the flexibility of the loop structure between αB and βC, Lys322 (loop6) would be affecting the catalytic activity of the enzyme. Regarding the transcriptome results, 3580 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of the secondary xylem were obtained for G. crinita and 3470 for C. spruceanum. These genes include NAC and MYB transcription factors related to secondary cell wall biosynthesis and genes related to most metabolic steps of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin biosynthesis. In conclusion, this study significantly contributes to the understanding of photosynthetic and xylogenesis mechanisms in Bolaina and Capirona, two endemic trees of the Amazon that have great economic, social, and environmental importance, thereby highlighting the practical implications of our research for the preservation and sustainable use of these species
The present thesis aimed to characterize the photosynthetic phenology, analyze the structural evolution of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase oxygenase (RuBisCO), and perform a transcriptomic analysis to identify genes associated with xylogenesis in Guazuma crinita Mart. (Bolaina) and Calycophyllum spruceanum Benth Hook f. ex Schumann (Capirona). As the main results, G. crinita presented high quantum yield (Phi2) indices throughout the year. In winter, its young leaves presented higher Phi2 than old leaves and were positively related to the greater lumen diameter of the fibers. Contrary to this, in deciduous leaves of C. spruceanum, Phi2 values decreased abruptly in winter, and no correlation was found between Phi2 and fiber lumen diameter along the stem. In both species, non-photochemical cooling (NPQt) values increased in winter, helping to dissipate light energy as heat for cold adaptation and minimizing PSII damage. On the other hand, the study of the structural evolution of RuBisCO in isoforms I, II, and III exhibited greater fluctuation in the loop between αB and βC. Also, I presented a positive correlation with loop 6, which is an important region in the enzymatic activity and the conformational states of RuBisCO. Likewise, an increase in the flexibility of the loop structure between αB and βC, Lys322 (loop6) would be affecting the catalytic activity of the enzyme. Regarding the transcriptome results, 3580 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of the secondary xylem were obtained for G. crinita and 3470 for C. spruceanum. These genes include NAC and MYB transcription factors related to secondary cell wall biosynthesis and genes related to most metabolic steps of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin biosynthesis. In conclusion, this study significantly contributes to the understanding of photosynthetic and xylogenesis mechanisms in Bolaina and Capirona, two endemic trees of the Amazon that have great economic, social, and environmental importance, thereby highlighting the practical implications of our research for the preservation and sustainable use of these species
Description
Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Escuela de Posgrado. Doctorado en Ciencias e Ingeniería Biológicas
Keywords
PhotosynQ
Citation
Date
2024
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