Inoculación de Persea americana con rizobacterias de los géneros Pseudomonas y Bacillus antagonistas de Phytophthora cinnamomi y Lasiodiplodia theobromae
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Authors
Solórzano Acosta, Richard Andi
Abstract
La presente investigación se condujo bajo el objetivo de aislar, identificar y caracterizar bacterias promotoras del crecimiento vegetal asociadas a los géneros Pseudomonas y Bacillus. Se inocularon plántulas de palto de la variedad Zutano con 10 cepas seleccionadas de 26 aislamientos en las que Bacillus subtilis incrementa el número de hojas, peso fresco de hojas y raíz, peso seco de raíz, tallo y hojas, y área foliar. Se evaluó la actividad antagónica a nivel in vitro sobre Phytophthora cinnamomi donde las cepas Bac F (B. subtilis) y P3 (P. putida) generan un halo de inhibición de 45 por ciento y de 47 por ciento respectivamente; y sobre Lasiodiplodia theobromae la cepa Bac F obtuvo 33.33 por ciento. A nivel de invernadero Bac F redujo la severidad de los síntomas ocasionados por P. cinnamomi e incrementó significativamente la longitud y el peso seco de la raíz. Se evaluó la interacción entre micorrizas y las bacterias promotoras; frente a la presencia de P. cinnamomi y se encontró que las micorrizas mejoran los parámetros de crecimiento de las plantas como la longitud y contenido de humedad de la raíz a pesar de estar infectadas por P. cinnamomi; mientras que las bacterias PGP tuvieron un efecto en el incremento de la absorción de potasio, calcio y magnesio. También se evaluó la interacción entre micorrizas y las bacterias en condiciones de salinidad en las que las rizobacterias P. plecoglossicida y B. subtilis disminuyen la acumulación de los iones cloro y sodio; y disminuyen la pérdida de materia seca. Las micorrizas arbusculares incrementan la acumulación de los iones sodio, potasio y cloro; y disminuyen la acumulación del ion sodio en las hojas respecto al control, también incrementan el contenido de materia seca. Se concluye que la rizosfera de palto de la variedad Hass/Zutano está relacionada con los géneros Pseudomonas, Bacillus y Lysinibacillus, y destaca la especie B. subtilis por su actividad promotora del crecimiento vegetal, mejora de la resistencia frente al estrés salino y se confirma el potencial de las rizobacterias antagonistas B. subtilis y P. putida para el control biológico de la pudrición radicular (P. cinnamomi) y la muerte regresiva del palto (L. theobromae) tanto por independiente y en interacción con micorrizas arbusculares.
The present investigation was conducted under the objective of isolating, identifying and characterizing plant growth promoting bacteria associated with the genera Pseudomonas and Bacillus. Avocado seedlings of the Zutano variety were inoculated with 10 strains selected from 26 isolates in which Bacillus subtilis increased the number of leaves, fresh weight of leaves and roots, dry weight of roots, stems and leaves, and leaf area. The in vitro antagonistic activity was evaluated on Phytophthora cinnamomi where the Bac F (B. subtilis) and P3 (P. putida) strains generate an inhibition halo of 45 percent and 47 percent respectively; and on Lasiodiplodia theobromae the Bac F strain obtained 33.33 percent. At the greenhouse level, Bac F reduced the severity of the symptoms caused by P. cinnamomi and significantly increased root length and dry weight. The interaction between mycorrhizae and the promoter bacteria was evaluated; against the presence of P. cinnamomi and it was found that mycorrhizae improve plant growth parameters such as root length and moisture content despite being infected by P. cinnamomi; while the PGP bacteria had an effect in increasing the absorption of potassium, calcium, and magnesium. The interaction between mycorrhizae and bacteria was also evaluated under salinity conditions in which the rhizobacteria P. plecoglossicida and B. subtilis decrease the accumulation of chlorine and sodium ions; and decrease the loss of dry matter. Arbuscular mycorrhizae increase the accumulation of sodium, potassium, and chloride ions; and decrease the accumulation of sodium ion in the leaves compared to the control, they also increase the dry matter content. It is concluded that the avocado rhizosphere of the Hass/Zutano variety is related to the genera Pseudomonas, Bacillus and Lysinibacillus, and the species B. subtilis stands out for its plant growth promoting activity, improvement of resistance against saline stress, and it is confirmed. the potential of the antagonistic rhizobacteria B. subtilis and P. putida for the biological control of root rot (P. cinnamomi) and avocado dieback (L. theobromae) both independently and in interaction with arbuscular mycorrhizae
The present investigation was conducted under the objective of isolating, identifying and characterizing plant growth promoting bacteria associated with the genera Pseudomonas and Bacillus. Avocado seedlings of the Zutano variety were inoculated with 10 strains selected from 26 isolates in which Bacillus subtilis increased the number of leaves, fresh weight of leaves and roots, dry weight of roots, stems and leaves, and leaf area. The in vitro antagonistic activity was evaluated on Phytophthora cinnamomi where the Bac F (B. subtilis) and P3 (P. putida) strains generate an inhibition halo of 45 percent and 47 percent respectively; and on Lasiodiplodia theobromae the Bac F strain obtained 33.33 percent. At the greenhouse level, Bac F reduced the severity of the symptoms caused by P. cinnamomi and significantly increased root length and dry weight. The interaction between mycorrhizae and the promoter bacteria was evaluated; against the presence of P. cinnamomi and it was found that mycorrhizae improve plant growth parameters such as root length and moisture content despite being infected by P. cinnamomi; while the PGP bacteria had an effect in increasing the absorption of potassium, calcium, and magnesium. The interaction between mycorrhizae and bacteria was also evaluated under salinity conditions in which the rhizobacteria P. plecoglossicida and B. subtilis decrease the accumulation of chlorine and sodium ions; and decrease the loss of dry matter. Arbuscular mycorrhizae increase the accumulation of sodium, potassium, and chloride ions; and decrease the accumulation of sodium ion in the leaves compared to the control, they also increase the dry matter content. It is concluded that the avocado rhizosphere of the Hass/Zutano variety is related to the genera Pseudomonas, Bacillus and Lysinibacillus, and the species B. subtilis stands out for its plant growth promoting activity, improvement of resistance against saline stress, and it is confirmed. the potential of the antagonistic rhizobacteria B. subtilis and P. putida for the biological control of root rot (P. cinnamomi) and avocado dieback (L. theobromae) both independently and in interaction with arbuscular mycorrhizae
Description
Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Escuela de Posgrado. Doctorado en Ciencias e Ingeniería Biológicas
Keywords
Control biológico; Evaluación; Experimentación in vitro; Inoculación; Persea americana; Perú; Phytophthora cinnamomi; Pseudomonas; Raices; Rizobacterias; Rizosfera
Citation
Date
2023
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Excepto si se señala otra cosa, la licencia del ítem se describe como info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess