Efecto del tipo de estiércol y frecuencia de aireación (Volteo) en el comportamiento del proceso de compostaje
Authors
Ortiz Dongo, Luis Felipe
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Abstract
El presente trabajo de investigación desarrolló el proceso de compostaje como una tecnología amigable con el ambiente para el aprovechamiento de los residuos orgánicos, teniendo como finalidad determinar el efecto del tipo de estiércol y frecuencia de aireación (volteo) en el proceso de compostaje y en la calidad del compost. En los tratamientos, se utilizaron una proporción de 40% de estiércol y 60% de material vegetal. Se evaluaron 4 tratamientos con diferentes tipos de estiércol (vacuno o gallina) y frecuencias de volteos (1 ó 6 volteos cada 2 semanas). Los resultados del estudio mostraron que el mejor tratamiento para la actividad respiratoria fue el T4 (estiércol de gallina y 6 volteos cada 2 semanas), lo cual indicó que tuvo una mayor estabilidad a diferencia de los demás tratamientos; por otro lado, con respecto al porcentaje de materia orgánica, el mejor valor lo obtuvo el tratamiento T2 (estiércol vacuno y 6 volteos cada 2 semanas). El uso del estiércol de gallinas ponedoras en el proceso de compostaje, tuvo un efecto favorable sobre la actividad respiratoria, dando así una mejor estabilidad en el producto final, mientras que en la frecuencia de aireación de 6 volteos cada 2 semanas favoreció la estabilidad y materia orgánica del compost; por lo que se concluyó que el uso de estiércol de gallinas ponedoras realizando 6 volteos cada 2 semanas presentó la mejor calidad de compost. Finalmente, la presencia de estiércol vacuno como sustrato en el proceso de compostaje, influyó favorablemente en el rendimiento del compost generado.
The present research work developed the composting process as an environmentally friendly technology for the use of organic waste, with the purpose of determining the effect of the type of manure and frequency of aeration (turning) in the composting and in the quality of the compost. For each treatment, a proportion of 40% manure and 60% plant material were used. Four treatments were evaulated with different types of manure (cattle or hen) and turning frequencies (1 or 6 turning every 2 weeks). The results of the study showed that the best treatment for respiratory activity was T4 (hen manure and 6 turns every 2 weeks), which indicated that it had a greater stability than the other treatments. On the other hand, with respect to the percentage of organic matter, the best value was obtained by the T2 treatment (cattle manure and 6 turns every 2 weeks). The use of laying hen manure in the composting process had a favorable effect on respiratory activity, thus giving better stability in the final product, while the aeration frequency of 6 turns every 2 weeks favored stability and organic matter of the compost. Therefore, it was concluded that the use of manure from laying hens performing 6 turns every 2 weeks presented the best quality of compost. Finally, the presence of cattle manure as a substrate in the composting process favorably influenced the performance of the compost generated.
The present research work developed the composting process as an environmentally friendly technology for the use of organic waste, with the purpose of determining the effect of the type of manure and frequency of aeration (turning) in the composting and in the quality of the compost. For each treatment, a proportion of 40% manure and 60% plant material were used. Four treatments were evaulated with different types of manure (cattle or hen) and turning frequencies (1 or 6 turning every 2 weeks). The results of the study showed that the best treatment for respiratory activity was T4 (hen manure and 6 turns every 2 weeks), which indicated that it had a greater stability than the other treatments. On the other hand, with respect to the percentage of organic matter, the best value was obtained by the T2 treatment (cattle manure and 6 turns every 2 weeks). The use of laying hen manure in the composting process had a favorable effect on respiratory activity, thus giving better stability in the final product, while the aeration frequency of 6 turns every 2 weeks favored stability and organic matter of the compost. Therefore, it was concluded that the use of manure from laying hens performing 6 turns every 2 weeks presented the best quality of compost. Finally, the presence of cattle manure as a substrate in the composting process favorably influenced the performance of the compost generated.
Description
Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Facultad de Zootecnia. Departamento Académico de Nutrición
Keywords
Compost; Elaboración del compost; Abonos orgánicos; Aireación; Biofertilizantes; Estiércol
Citation
Date
2020
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