Energía neta de ingredientes en pollos de carne y validación de un modelo para estimar el requerimiento de energía neta
Authors
Moscoso Muñoz, Juan Elmer
Abstract
Dos estudios fueron conducidos con el objetivo de determinar el contenido de Energía Neta (EN) del grano de maíz, subproducto de trigo, harina de soya, harina de pescado y aceite de soya en pollos de carne, por la técnica de sacrificio comparativo y predecir el requerimiento de EN del pollo de carne y su validación. Estudio 1: Se utilizaron 180 pollos machos, distribuidos en seis tratamientos (dietas): T1: (Basal (B), T2: B + grano de maíz (40%), T3: B + subproducto de trigo (40%), T4: B + harina de soya (30%), T5: B + harina de pescado (30%) y T6: B + aceite de soya (10%), en tres niveles de alimentación (ad libitum (AL), 85% AL y 70% AL), con dos réplicas (cinco pollos/réplica) por tratamiento, haciendo un total de 36 unidades experimentales. Se evaluaron el consumo de alimento, peso corporal y ganancia de peso, composición corporal (materia seca, grasa, proteína y ceniza). La Energía Metabolizable se determinó por el método de colección total de excretas corregida por nitrógeno. Los datos registrados fueron analizados utilizando un Análisis de Varianza en un Diseño de Bloques Completo al Azar. Estudio 2: El Estudio 1 fue replicado para validar el modelo de predicción del requerimiento de la EN a partir de la energía neta de mantenimiento (ENm) obtenida experimentalmente y la energía retenida (ER). La EN de las dietas se determinó sacrificando los pollos a los 7 y 21 días de edad para obtener la ER y el consumo de Energía Metabolizable (EM). La ENm y la eficiencia de utilización de la EM fueron obtenidos por regresión lineal simple entre la ER y el consumo de EM. Los resultados indican que: la EN del grano de maíz, subproducto de trigo, harina de soya, harina de pescado y aceite de soya fueron de 2527, 1598, 1417, 1837, 7550 kcal/kg de materia seca (MS), respectivamente. La ENm obtenida en el estudio, para el modelo de predicción del requerimiento de EN en pollos de carne, es de 79.66 kilocalorías por unidad de peso metabólico (W0.75). Basado en estos resultados, el modelo propuesto para la determinación del requerimiento de EN del pollo de engorde es: EN = 79.66 kcal x W0.75 + ER, con un error de 2.17% y un R 2 de 0.98.
Two studies were conducted to determine the Net Energy (NE) content of corn grain, wheat by-product, soybean meal, fish meal and soybean oil in broilers by the comparative slaughter technique and to predict the NE requirement of broiler and its validation. Study 1: 180 male chickens were allocated to six treatments (diets): T1: Basal (B), T2: B + corn (40%), T3: B + wheat by-product (40%), T4: B + soybean meal (30%), T5: B + fish meal (30%) and T6: B + soybean oil (10%), at three feeding levels (ad libitum (AL), 85% AL and 70 % AL), with two replicates of five chickens each per treatment, making a total of 36 experimental units. Feed intake, body weight and weight gain, body composition (dry matter, fat, protein and ash) were evaluated. Metabolizable Energy was determined by total collection method of excreta corrected by nitrogen. The date were analyzed using an Analysis of Variance in a Randomized Complete Block Design. Study 2: Study 1 was replicated to validate the prediction model of the NE from the Net Energy for Maintenance (NEm) obtained experimentally and retained energy (RE). The NE of the diets were determined by slaughtering the chickens at 7 and 21 days of age to obtain the RE and the Metabolizable Energy (ME) intake. The NEm and the efficiency of ME utilization were obtained by simple linear regression between the RE and the ME intake. The results of the present study were: The NE of corn grain, wheat by-product, soybean meal, fish meal and soybean oil were 2527, 1598, 1417, 1837, 7550 kcal/kg DM, respectively. The NEm obtained in the study, for the NE requirement prediction model in broilers, is 79.66 kilocalories per unit of metabolic weight (W0.75). Based on these results, the proposed model for determining the NE requirement for broilers is: NE = 79.66 kcal x W0.75 + RE, with an error of 2.17% and an R2 of 0.98.
Two studies were conducted to determine the Net Energy (NE) content of corn grain, wheat by-product, soybean meal, fish meal and soybean oil in broilers by the comparative slaughter technique and to predict the NE requirement of broiler and its validation. Study 1: 180 male chickens were allocated to six treatments (diets): T1: Basal (B), T2: B + corn (40%), T3: B + wheat by-product (40%), T4: B + soybean meal (30%), T5: B + fish meal (30%) and T6: B + soybean oil (10%), at three feeding levels (ad libitum (AL), 85% AL and 70 % AL), with two replicates of five chickens each per treatment, making a total of 36 experimental units. Feed intake, body weight and weight gain, body composition (dry matter, fat, protein and ash) were evaluated. Metabolizable Energy was determined by total collection method of excreta corrected by nitrogen. The date were analyzed using an Analysis of Variance in a Randomized Complete Block Design. Study 2: Study 1 was replicated to validate the prediction model of the NE from the Net Energy for Maintenance (NEm) obtained experimentally and retained energy (RE). The NE of the diets were determined by slaughtering the chickens at 7 and 21 days of age to obtain the RE and the Metabolizable Energy (ME) intake. The NEm and the efficiency of ME utilization were obtained by simple linear regression between the RE and the ME intake. The results of the present study were: The NE of corn grain, wheat by-product, soybean meal, fish meal and soybean oil were 2527, 1598, 1417, 1837, 7550 kcal/kg DM, respectively. The NEm obtained in the study, for the NE requirement prediction model in broilers, is 79.66 kilocalories per unit of metabolic weight (W0.75). Based on these results, the proposed model for determining the NE requirement for broilers is: NE = 79.66 kcal x W0.75 + RE, with an error of 2.17% and an R2 of 0.98.
Description
Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Escuela de Posgrado. Doctorado en Nutrición
Keywords
Pollo de carne; Dieta; Alimentación de los animales; Valor energético; Eficiencia de conversión del pienso; Necesidades de nutrientes; Consumo de piensos; Ganancia de peso; Diseño experimental; Modelos de simulación; Evaluación; Perú
Citation
Date
2021
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Licencia de uso
Excepto si se señala otra cosa, la licencia del ítem se describe como info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess