Modelación unidimensional del oxígeno disuelto e indicadores microbiológicos del agua superficial en la cuenca baja del río Lurín
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Authors
Sulca Cardenas, Pedro Fray
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Abstract
El objetivo general de la presente tesis es simular y predecir el comportamiento de las variables, oxígeno disuelto, DBO5 e indicadores microbiológicos E. Coli y Coliformes Termotolerantes del agua superficial de la cuenca baja del rio Lurín, a través del modelo GESCAL. El estudio de investigación contempla la delimitación del área de estudio y puntos de control para la toma de muestras, plan de monitoreo, recopilación y análisis de información, fuentes y sumideros al rio, preparación de información input al modelo, preparación de información referida a la gestión y asignación del recurso hídrico superficial (modelo GESCAL), calibración y simulación del modelo. En ese sentido, de los resultados y análisis se concluye que la herramienta GESCAL calibró de manera eficiente las variables de Oxígeno disuelto, DBO5, E. Coli y Coliformes termotolerantes, donde mostró alta concordancia entre los datos observados y simulados, el cual permitió simular y predecir el comportamiento de dichas variables en los diferentes tramos, y se estableció escenarios donde las PTAR cumplen con los LMP establecidos y la instalación de un nuevo “PTAR Pachacamac” en el distrito de Pachacamac. Por lo que, se recomienda implementar el programa GESCAL en la simulación de escenarios con monitoreos de las variables de calidad de agua estudiadas, y complementar con información de metales y plaguicidas, que permitan mejorar la gestión de la cuenca baja del rio Lurín, para el cumplimiento de lo establecido en los Estándares de Calidad Ambiental para el Agua.
The overall objective of this thesis is to simulate and predict the behavior of the variables dissolved oxygen, BOD5, and the microbiological indicators E. coli and thermotolerant coliforms in the surface water of the lower Lurín River basin, using the GESCAL model. The research study includes the delimitation of the study area and control points for sampling, a monitoring plan, data collection and analysis, identification of water sources and sinks to the river, preparation of input data for the model, preparation of information related to the management and allocation of surface water resources (GESCAL model), and calibration and simulation of the model. In this regard, the results and analysis conclude that the GESCAL tool efficiently calibrated the variables of dissolved oxygen, BOD5, E. coli, and thermotolerant coliforms, showing high agreement between observed and simulated data. This allowed for the simulation and prediction of the behavior of these variables in different sections of the river. Scenarios were established where the wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) comply with the established maximum permissible limits (MPLs), including the installation of a new "Pachacamac WWTP" in the district of Pachacamac. Therefore, it is recommended to implement the GESCAL program in the simulation of scenarios with monitoring of the studied water quality variables, and to supplement this with information on metals and pesticides. This will allow for improved management of the lower Lurín River basin, ensuring compliance with the Environmental Quality Standards for Water.
The overall objective of this thesis is to simulate and predict the behavior of the variables dissolved oxygen, BOD5, and the microbiological indicators E. coli and thermotolerant coliforms in the surface water of the lower Lurín River basin, using the GESCAL model. The research study includes the delimitation of the study area and control points for sampling, a monitoring plan, data collection and analysis, identification of water sources and sinks to the river, preparation of input data for the model, preparation of information related to the management and allocation of surface water resources (GESCAL model), and calibration and simulation of the model. In this regard, the results and analysis conclude that the GESCAL tool efficiently calibrated the variables of dissolved oxygen, BOD5, E. coli, and thermotolerant coliforms, showing high agreement between observed and simulated data. This allowed for the simulation and prediction of the behavior of these variables in different sections of the river. Scenarios were established where the wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) comply with the established maximum permissible limits (MPLs), including the installation of a new "Pachacamac WWTP" in the district of Pachacamac. Therefore, it is recommended to implement the GESCAL program in the simulation of scenarios with monitoring of the studied water quality variables, and to supplement this with information on metals and pesticides. This will allow for improved management of the lower Lurín River basin, ensuring compliance with the Environmental Quality Standards for Water.
Description
Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Escuela de Posgrado. Maestría en
Gestión Integral de Cuencas Hidrográficas
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Date
2026
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