Validación de la prueba de germinación en semillas de kiwicha (Amaranthus caudatus)
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Authors
Villacis De la Cruz, Dunixi Gineth
Abstract
Las pruebas de germinación y de viabilidad han sido utilizadas ampliamente en la evaluación de la calidad de las semillas, cabe destacar que la calidad fisiológica hace referencia a mecanismos intrínsecos de la semilla que determinan su capacidad de germinación, la emergencia y el desarrollo de aquellas estructuras esenciales para producir una plántula normal bajo condiciones favorables. Sin embargo, en los últimos años se ha dado énfasis en la medición de otros parámetros, tales como el vigor y las variables asociadas con este parámetro. En este presente trabajo se realizó en el laboratorio nacional de investigación de semillas (LANIS) ubicado en el Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria (INIA). El objetivo del estudio es validar la prueba de germinación en semillas de kiwicha (Amaranthus caudatus cv. Centenario) para ser considerada por las normas ISTA para lograr esto se realizó una evaluación de la prueba de germinación en seis tratamientos planteados, se usaron tres sustratos: Entre Papel, Sobre Papel y Arena; la temperatura usada en los tratamientos fueron 20 °C y el intervalo de 20 °C <=> 30 °C. El tratamiento que tuvo una mejor respuesta sobre la germinación de la semilla de kiwicha fue el Tratamiento 5 (Arena a una temperatura de 20 °C) con un 63.75 % en plántulas normales; ya que con este se obtuvo un mayor porcentaje en la prueba de germinación. Posteriormente, en la prueba de viabilidad en tetrazolio se obtuvo un 68.5 %, cuyo resultado fue ligeramente mayor a la prueba de germinación, indicando que no existe estrictamente una dormancia. Sin embargo, debido a la presencia de semillas duras no se descarta la posibilidad de que este cultivar presenta una leve dormancia física. En la prueba de vigor realizado en tetrazolio se obtuvo un 72.5 %, indicándome un menor daño en las semillas de kiwicha, de esta manera se espera que la metodología en este trabajo respalde la calidad de la semilla para que sea validada por las normas ISTA.
Germination and viability tests have been widely used in the evaluation of seed quality. It should be noted that physiological quality refers to intrinsic mechanisms of the seed that determine its germination capacity, emergence and development of those structures. essential for producing a normal seedling under favorable conditions. However, in recent years emphasis has been placed on the measurement of other parameters, such as vigor and the variables associated with this parameter. This work was carried out in the national seed research laboratory (LANIS) located at the National Institute of Agrarian Innovation (INIA). The objective of the study is to validate the germination test in kiwicha seeds (Amaranthus caudatus cv. Centenario) to be considered by the ISTA standards. To achieve this, an evaluation of the germination test was carried out in six proposed treatments, three substrates were used: Between Paper, On Paper and Sand; The temperature used in the treatments was 20 °C and the interval was 20 °C <=> 30 °C. The treatment that had the best response on kiwicha seed germination was Treatment 5 (Sand at a temperature of 20 °C) with 63.75% in normal seedlings; since with this a higher percentage was obtained in the germination test. Subsequently, in the tetrazolium viability test, 68.5% was obtained, the result of which was slightly higher than the germination test, indicating that there is not strictly dormancy. However, due to the presence of hard seeds, the possibility that this cultivar presents slight physical dormancy is not ruled out. In the vigor test carried out in tetrazolium, 72.5% was obtained, indicating less damage to the kiwicha seeds. In this way, it is expected that the methodology in this work supports the quality of the seed so that it can be validated by the ISTA standards.
Germination and viability tests have been widely used in the evaluation of seed quality. It should be noted that physiological quality refers to intrinsic mechanisms of the seed that determine its germination capacity, emergence and development of those structures. essential for producing a normal seedling under favorable conditions. However, in recent years emphasis has been placed on the measurement of other parameters, such as vigor and the variables associated with this parameter. This work was carried out in the national seed research laboratory (LANIS) located at the National Institute of Agrarian Innovation (INIA). The objective of the study is to validate the germination test in kiwicha seeds (Amaranthus caudatus cv. Centenario) to be considered by the ISTA standards. To achieve this, an evaluation of the germination test was carried out in six proposed treatments, three substrates were used: Between Paper, On Paper and Sand; The temperature used in the treatments was 20 °C and the interval was 20 °C <=> 30 °C. The treatment that had the best response on kiwicha seed germination was Treatment 5 (Sand at a temperature of 20 °C) with 63.75% in normal seedlings; since with this a higher percentage was obtained in the germination test. Subsequently, in the tetrazolium viability test, 68.5% was obtained, the result of which was slightly higher than the germination test, indicating that there is not strictly dormancy. However, due to the presence of hard seeds, the possibility that this cultivar presents slight physical dormancy is not ruled out. In the vigor test carried out in tetrazolium, 72.5% was obtained, indicating less damage to the kiwicha seeds. In this way, it is expected that the methodology in this work supports the quality of the seed so that it can be validated by the ISTA standards.
Description
Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento Académico de Fitotecnia
Keywords
Germinación
Citation
Date
2024
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