Modelamiento de isoconcentraciones y determinación de los niveles de fondo para arsénico en el suelo superficial no intervenido de Yanacocha
Authors
Hinostroza Rivera, Jorge Eduardo
Abstract
Los objetivos de esta investigación son determinar los niveles de fondo para arsénico (As) y modelar isoconcentraciones en el suelo superficial no intervenido de Minera Yanacocha S.R.L. (Yanacocha). La normativa peruana Decreto Supremo N° 011-2017-MINAM, incluye al As como un parámetro de interés para la salud y el medio ambiente, y define como nivel de fondo la concentración en el suelo de los químicos regulados que no fueron generados por la actividad objeto de análisis y que se encuentran en el suelo de manera natural. Considerando que actualmente no existe una metodología única utilizada para establecer niveles de fondo para As en el suelo y que la distribución de las concentraciones de los elementos son principalmente influenciados por la naturaleza del material parental y parámetros edáficos como: pH, carbono orgánico, arcilla, capacidad de intercambio catiónico, fierro y aluminio total en el suelo superficial (0-0.1m); se planteó recopilar información histórica de línea base de suelos y de exploraciones geológicas en el predio de Yanacocha, relacionando mediante métodos estadísticos y geoestadísticos; la geología, información edáfica y concentraciones georeferenciadas de As en suelo de Yanacocha. El tratamiento estadístico de las concentraciones históricas de As consideró la prueba de normalidad de Anderson-Darling y el test de Grubbs, con este se determinó con 95% de confianza que la información proviene de una sola población de datos, sin presencia de datos atípicos, asimismo mediante estadísticos descriptivos se determinó el nivel de fondo de As en Topsoil: 2 a 836 mg/kg. La distribución de As evidenció que este se encuentra en mayores concentraciones en áreas con características geológicas: material de origen volcánico o morrénico, concentraciones de As en afloramientos rocosos >140 mg/kg, presencia de alteraciones hidrotermales, cercanía a fallas geológicas locales; en Topsoil: pH 3.6 a 4.5, Carbono orgánico >2.32 %, y concentraciones de Fe >20,000 mg/kg.
The objectives of this research are to determine the background levels for arsenic (As) and to model isoconcentrations in the undisturbed surface soil of Minera Yanacocha S.R.L (Yanacocha). Peruvian regulation, Supreme Decree N° 011-2017-MINAM, includes arsenic (As) as a parameter of interest for health and environment and defines as a background level the concentration of controlled substances on soil that were not generated for the activity of analysis and there are naturally on soil. Considering that there is no only one method used to establish background levels for arsenic on soil and distributions of elements concentrations are main influenced by parent material and edaphic parameters as: pH, organic carbon, clay, cation exchange capacity, iron and total aluminum on the top soil (0- 0.1m), it was proposed to gather historical information of baseline of soil and geological explorations on the property of Minera Yanacocha S.R.L (Yanacocha), relating trough statistical and geostatistical methods; geology, edaphic information and georeferenced concentrations of As on the soil of Yanacocha. The statistic treatment of historical concentrations of As considered the Anderson-Darling Normality test and the Grubbs test, with these ones, it was determined with 95% of confidence that the information comes from one data base, without presence of atypical information, as well, trough statistical descriptions was determined the background level of As in Topsoil: 2 to 836 mg/kg. The distribution of As showed that is in higher concentrations on areas with geological characteristics: material of volcanic origin or moraine, concentrations of As on rocky formations >140 mg/kg, presence of hydrothermal alteration, proximity to local faults; on Topsoil: pH 3.6 to 4.5, Organic carbon >2.32% and concentrations of Fe >20,000 mg/kg.
The objectives of this research are to determine the background levels for arsenic (As) and to model isoconcentrations in the undisturbed surface soil of Minera Yanacocha S.R.L (Yanacocha). Peruvian regulation, Supreme Decree N° 011-2017-MINAM, includes arsenic (As) as a parameter of interest for health and environment and defines as a background level the concentration of controlled substances on soil that were not generated for the activity of analysis and there are naturally on soil. Considering that there is no only one method used to establish background levels for arsenic on soil and distributions of elements concentrations are main influenced by parent material and edaphic parameters as: pH, organic carbon, clay, cation exchange capacity, iron and total aluminum on the top soil (0- 0.1m), it was proposed to gather historical information of baseline of soil and geological explorations on the property of Minera Yanacocha S.R.L (Yanacocha), relating trough statistical and geostatistical methods; geology, edaphic information and georeferenced concentrations of As on the soil of Yanacocha. The statistic treatment of historical concentrations of As considered the Anderson-Darling Normality test and the Grubbs test, with these ones, it was determined with 95% of confidence that the information comes from one data base, without presence of atypical information, as well, trough statistical descriptions was determined the background level of As in Topsoil: 2 to 836 mg/kg. The distribution of As showed that is in higher concentrations on areas with geological characteristics: material of volcanic origin or moraine, concentrations of As on rocky formations >140 mg/kg, presence of hydrothermal alteration, proximity to local faults; on Topsoil: pH 3.6 to 4.5, Organic carbon >2.32% and concentrations of Fe >20,000 mg/kg.
Description
Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Escuela de Posgrado. Maestría en Suelos
Keywords
Suelo; Arsénico; Manejo del suelo; Conservación de suelos; Análisis del suelo; Modelos matemáticos; Modelos de simulación
Citation
Date
2021
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Excepto si se señala otra cosa, la licencia del ítem se describe como info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess