Mejora del sistema HACCP en una planta de conservas de pescado mediante el fortalecimiento del sistema documentario, registros y procedimientos
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Authors
Geldres Fernández Silvia Katherine
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Abstract
El presente Trabajo de Suficiencia Profesional tuvo como objetivo optimizar el sistema HACCP implementado en una planta de conservas de pescado mediante el fortalecimiento del sistema documentario, los registros operativos y los procedimientos asociados. Para ello, se realizó un diagnóstico inicial empleando una lista de verificación basada en los requisitos de los programas prerrequisito y del plan HACCP, conforme a la normativa vigente (D.S. 020-2022-PRODUCE, R.M. 449-2006-MINSA, D.S. 007-98-SA y Codex Alimentarius). Los resultados evidenciaron brechas en la aplicación del análisis de peligros, deficiencias en la estructura documentaria, desactualización del Manual HACCP y limitaciones en la capacitación del equipo responsable. Posteriormente, se efectuó un análisis de causas mediante el diagrama de Ishikawa, identificando factores críticos relacionados con la gestión documental, la estandarización de procedimientos y la competencia del personal. En función de ello, se implementaron acciones de mejora orientadas a la actualización y codificación de procedimientos, fortalecimiento del control de documentos y registros, incorporación del monitoreo de condiciones de salud del personal, y capacitación técnica del equipo HACCP en análisis de peligros y determinación de puntos críticos de control. Asimismo, se optimizó el flujograma del proceso incorporando la etapa de descongelado, garantizando su coherencia con la operación real, y se reformuló el análisis de peligros y la determinación de PCC para la etapa de recepción de materia prima. Como resultado, se obtuvo un sistema HACCP actualizado, coherente con las operaciones del proceso y alineado con los requisitos de la normativa sanitaria vigente, evidenciando una mejora en el nivel de cumplimiento del sistema de inocuidad.
This Professional Competency Work aimed to optimize the HACCP system implemented in a canned fish processing plant by strengthening the documentation system, operational records, and associated procedures. To achieve this, an initial diagnosis was conducted using a checklist based on the requirements of prerequisite programs and the HACCP plan, in accordance with current regulations (Supreme Decree No. 020-2022-PRODUCE, Ministerial Resolution No. 449-2006 MINSA, Supreme Decree No. 007-98-SA, and Codex Alimentarius). The results revealed gaps in the application of hazard analysis, deficiencies in the documentation structure, an outdated HACCP Manual, and limitations in the training of the team responsible. Subsequently, a root cause analysis was carried out using the Ishikawa diagram, identifying critical factors related to document management, procedure standardization, and staff competency. Based on these findings, improvement actions were implemented, including updating and codifying procedures, strengthening document and record control, incorporating monitoring of personnel health conditions, and providing technical training to the HACCP team in hazard analysis and the determination of critical control points. Additionally, the process flow diagram was optimized by incorporating the thawing stage, ensuring its consistency with actual operations, and the hazard analysis and determination of CCPs for the raw material reception stage were reformulated. As a result, an updated HACCP system was achieved, consistent with process operations and aligned with current sanitary regulatory requirements, demonstrating an improvement in the level of compliance of the food safety system.
This Professional Competency Work aimed to optimize the HACCP system implemented in a canned fish processing plant by strengthening the documentation system, operational records, and associated procedures. To achieve this, an initial diagnosis was conducted using a checklist based on the requirements of prerequisite programs and the HACCP plan, in accordance with current regulations (Supreme Decree No. 020-2022-PRODUCE, Ministerial Resolution No. 449-2006 MINSA, Supreme Decree No. 007-98-SA, and Codex Alimentarius). The results revealed gaps in the application of hazard analysis, deficiencies in the documentation structure, an outdated HACCP Manual, and limitations in the training of the team responsible. Subsequently, a root cause analysis was carried out using the Ishikawa diagram, identifying critical factors related to document management, procedure standardization, and staff competency. Based on these findings, improvement actions were implemented, including updating and codifying procedures, strengthening document and record control, incorporating monitoring of personnel health conditions, and providing technical training to the HACCP team in hazard analysis and the determination of critical control points. Additionally, the process flow diagram was optimized by incorporating the thawing stage, ensuring its consistency with actual operations, and the hazard analysis and determination of CCPs for the raw material reception stage were reformulated. As a result, an updated HACCP system was achieved, consistent with process operations and aligned with current sanitary regulatory requirements, demonstrating an improvement in the level of compliance of the food safety system.
Description
Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Facultad de Pesquería. Departamento
Académico de Acuicultura e Industrias Pesqueras
Keywords
Análisis de peligros
Citation
Date
2026
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