Respuesta silvicultural de ocho especies forestales nativas y exóticas de valor comercial instaladas en plantaciones forestales en la Amazonía peruana
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Authors
Mondragón Aguirre, Gino Fernando
Abstract
El objetivo principal del estudio fue evaluar la respuesta silvicultural de Calycophyllum spruceanum, Cedrelinga cateniformis, Dipteryx ferrea, Guazuma crinita, Pinus tecunumanii, Retrophyllum rospigliosii, Schizolobium amazonicum y Simarouba amara en plantaciones forestales instaladas la Amazonía peruana. La respuesta silvicultural se estudió mediante la evaluación de cuatro indicadores de crecimiento (diámetro a la altura de pecho, altura comercial, área basal y volumen comercial), cuatro indicadores de productividad (incremento medio anual en diámetro a la altura de pecho, en altura comercial, en área basal por hectárea y en volumen comercial por hectárea) y cuatro indicadores de espesura de masa forestal (densidad, área basal por hectárea, Fracción de Cabida Cubierta e Índice de Hart-Becking). Para ello, a partir de la data de campo del Proyecto Innovación en el uso de Maderas Fase 3 se organizó una base de datos para calcular los indicadores en estudio. A continuación, se realizó un análisis estadístico descriptivo en el que se comparó los resultados de los indicadores; primero entre plantaciones de una misma especie y luego con reportes de otras investigaciones. Paralelamente, estos resultados se relacionaron con la edad de plantación y el pH y textura del suelo. Se determinó que las especies estudiadas presentaron comportamientos silviculturales diferentes; que variaron de acuerdo a la edad de plantación, el tipo de plantación, el pH y la textura del suelo. Cedrelinga cateniformis, Dipteryx ferrea y Schizolobium amazonicum pueden desarrollarse una gran variedad de condiciones de pH y textura del suelo. Guazuma crinita y Pinus tecunumanii presentaron mayor crecimiento y productividad en suelos de menor acidez. Retrophyllum rospigliosii presentó mayor crecimiento y productividad en suelos de textura media. Simarouba amara presentó mayor crecimiento y productividad en suelos de textura gruesa. Finalmente, se generó una tabla de indicadores que muestra los resultados de las plantaciones estudiadas en comparación con los resultados publicados en otros estudios.
The main objective of the study was to evaluate the silvicultural response of Calycophyllum spruceanum, Cedrelinga cateniformis, Dipteryx ferrea, Guazuma crinita, Pinus tecunumanii, Retrophyllum rospigliosii, Schizolobium amazonicum and Simarouba amara in forest plantations installed in the Peruvian Amazon. Silvicultural response was studied by evaluating four growth indicators (diameter at breast height, commercial height, basal area and commercial volume), four productivity indicators (mean annual increase in diameter at breast height, commercial height, in basal area per hectare and in commercial volume per hectare) and four indicators of forest mass thickness (density, basal area per hectare, Fraction of Canopy Cover and Hart-Becking Index). For this, based on the field data of Proyecto Innovación en el uso de Maderas Fase 3, a database was organized to calculate the indicators under study. Next, a descriptive statistical analysis was carried out in which the results of the indicators were compared; first between plantations of the same species and then with reports from other investigations. In parallel, these results were related to the age of plantation and the pH and texture of the soil. It was determined that the studied species presented different silvicultural behaviors; that varied according to the age of plantation, the type of plantation, the pH and the texture of the soil. Cedrelinga cateniformis, Dipteryx ferrea, and Schizolobium amazonicum can thrive in a wide variety of soil pH and texture conditions. Guazuma crinita and Pinus tecunumanii showed higher growth and productivity in soils with lower acidity. Retrophyllum rospigliosii showed higher growth and productivity in medium textured soils. Simarouba amara showed higher growth and productivity in coarse-textured soils. Finally, a table of indicators was generated that shows the results of the plantations studied in comparison with the results published in other studies.
The main objective of the study was to evaluate the silvicultural response of Calycophyllum spruceanum, Cedrelinga cateniformis, Dipteryx ferrea, Guazuma crinita, Pinus tecunumanii, Retrophyllum rospigliosii, Schizolobium amazonicum and Simarouba amara in forest plantations installed in the Peruvian Amazon. Silvicultural response was studied by evaluating four growth indicators (diameter at breast height, commercial height, basal area and commercial volume), four productivity indicators (mean annual increase in diameter at breast height, commercial height, in basal area per hectare and in commercial volume per hectare) and four indicators of forest mass thickness (density, basal area per hectare, Fraction of Canopy Cover and Hart-Becking Index). For this, based on the field data of Proyecto Innovación en el uso de Maderas Fase 3, a database was organized to calculate the indicators under study. Next, a descriptive statistical analysis was carried out in which the results of the indicators were compared; first between plantations of the same species and then with reports from other investigations. In parallel, these results were related to the age of plantation and the pH and texture of the soil. It was determined that the studied species presented different silvicultural behaviors; that varied according to the age of plantation, the type of plantation, the pH and the texture of the soil. Cedrelinga cateniformis, Dipteryx ferrea, and Schizolobium amazonicum can thrive in a wide variety of soil pH and texture conditions. Guazuma crinita and Pinus tecunumanii showed higher growth and productivity in soils with lower acidity. Retrophyllum rospigliosii showed higher growth and productivity in medium textured soils. Simarouba amara showed higher growth and productivity in coarse-textured soils. Finally, a table of indicators was generated that shows the results of the plantations studied in comparison with the results published in other studies.
Description
Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Escuela de Posgrado. Maestría en Bosques y Gestión de Recursos Forestales
Keywords
Plantaciones forestales
Citation
Date
2023
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