Sustentabilidad de fincas productoras de caña de azúcar (Saccharum officinarum) para panela granulada en la Succha Alta, Lambayeque
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Authors
Pérez Olaya, Wendy Del Carmen
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Abstract
El objetivo general de la investigación fue evaluar la sustentabilidad de las fincas productoras de caña de azúcar (Saccharum officinarum) en la Succha Alta-Lambayeque, los objetivos específicos fueron caracterizar las fincas productoras de caña de azúcar destinadas a la elaboración de panela granulada, tipificar las fincas de los productores de caña de azúcar y finalmente determinar la sustentabilidad de las fincas productores de caña de azúcar para panela granulada. Para la evaluación de los objetivos se diseñaron encuestas, y mediante un análisis de conglomerados y la metodología de multicriterio, los resultados con respecto a la caracterización de fincas mostraron que el 82% son varones y 18% mujeres , la edad promedio es de 43 años, el principal cultivo de los productores evaluados es la caña de azúcar, teniendo 1.5 ha a disposición para el cultivo de caña, la pendiente de las áreas de cultivo de la Succha Alta están en un 19%, lo que hace que minimice la erosión del suelo, sus cultivos se realizan bajo una práctica ecológica más del 90% de agricultores tiene título de propiedad, el costo de venta de la panela es de 160 soles el quintal (50 kg) sujeto a la calidad. En la tipificación de las fincas se encontraron 3 grupos. El grupo 1 es integrado por el 16% de productores en la que sus principales características fueron en su mayoría mujeres, aplicaban riego por gravedad, administran en promedio 1ha, tiene módulos propios de producción, el grupo 2 está representado por el 36% en su mayoría varones, ellos administran áreas en promedio de 2 ha, aplican riego tecnificado por goteo y aspersión y no cuentan con módulos propios de producción. Finalmente, el grupo 3 representa el 48% de los productores en su mayoría varones, se identifica principalmente por contar con módulos de producción propios y tener un sistema de riego por aspersión. En el análisis de sustentabilidad general se obtuvo que las fincas de los productores de caña de azúcar para panela granulada no son sustentables ya que el IGs=1.96 siendo inferior a los valores de referencia (IGs >2) para que un sistema sea considerado sustentable.
The general objective of the research was to evaluate the sustainability of the sugar cane producing farms (Saccharum officinarum) in the Succha Alta-Lambayeque, the specific objectives were to characterize the sugar cane producing farms destined for the production of granulated panela, classify the farms of sugar cane producers and finally determine the sustainability of the farms producing sugar cane for granulated panela. To evaluate the objectives, surveys were designed, and through a cluster analysis and multi-criteria methodology, the results regarding the characterization of farms showed that 82percent are men and 18percent women, the average age is 43 years, the main crop of the evaluated producers is sugar cane, having 1.5 hectares available for sugar cane cultivation, the slope of the Succha Alta cultivation areas is 19 percent, which minimizes the erosion of the soil, its crops are grown under an ecological practice, more than 90 percent of farmers have property title, the cost of sale of panela is 160 soles per quintal (50 kg) subject to quality. In the classification of the farms, 3 groups were found. Group 1 is made up of 16percent of producers in which the main characteristics were mostly women, they applied gravity irrigation, they manage an average of 1 ha, they have their own production modules, group 2 is represented by 36percent in Mostly men, they manage areas on average of 2 hectares, apply technical drip and sprinkler irrigation and do not have their own production modules. Finally, group 3 represents 48 percent of the producers, mostly men, and is mainly identified by having its own production modules and having a sprinkler irrigation system. In the general sustainability analysis, it was found that the farms of sugar cane producers for granulated panela are not sustainable since the GIs=1.96, being lower than the reference values (GIs >2) for a system to be considered sustainable.
The general objective of the research was to evaluate the sustainability of the sugar cane producing farms (Saccharum officinarum) in the Succha Alta-Lambayeque, the specific objectives were to characterize the sugar cane producing farms destined for the production of granulated panela, classify the farms of sugar cane producers and finally determine the sustainability of the farms producing sugar cane for granulated panela. To evaluate the objectives, surveys were designed, and through a cluster analysis and multi-criteria methodology, the results regarding the characterization of farms showed that 82percent are men and 18percent women, the average age is 43 years, the main crop of the evaluated producers is sugar cane, having 1.5 hectares available for sugar cane cultivation, the slope of the Succha Alta cultivation areas is 19 percent, which minimizes the erosion of the soil, its crops are grown under an ecological practice, more than 90 percent of farmers have property title, the cost of sale of panela is 160 soles per quintal (50 kg) subject to quality. In the classification of the farms, 3 groups were found. Group 1 is made up of 16percent of producers in which the main characteristics were mostly women, they applied gravity irrigation, they manage an average of 1 ha, they have their own production modules, group 2 is represented by 36percent in Mostly men, they manage areas on average of 2 hectares, apply technical drip and sprinkler irrigation and do not have their own production modules. Finally, group 3 represents 48 percent of the producers, mostly men, and is mainly identified by having its own production modules and having a sprinkler irrigation system. In the general sustainability analysis, it was found that the farms of sugar cane producers for granulated panela are not sustainable since the GIs=1.96, being lower than the reference values (GIs >2) for a system to be considered sustainable.
Description
Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Escuela de Posgrado. Maestría en Agricultura Sustentable
Keywords
Caracterización
Citation
Date
2025
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