Evaluación postural de los podadores de arbolado urbano de la municipalidad de Miraflores con el método REBA, 2025
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Authors
Ramos Soto, Jesús David
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Abstract
La presente investigación se realizó con el objetivo de promover la salud ocupacional de los podadores de arbolado urbano de la Municipalidad de Miraflores mediante la evaluación del riesgo ergonómico, identificando las posturas adoptadas durante las labores de poda. Se desarrolló bajo un enfoque aplicativo y descriptivo, basado en la observación directa en campo y registro fotográfico, utilizando el método Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) para el análisis sistemático de las posturas de trabajo. Los resultados mostraron la presencia de posturas con nivel de riesgo que requieren intervención preventiva, determinados por la interacción entre factores operativos y características estructurales del arbolado. Se identificó que la arquitectura de la copa constituye un elemento condicionante en la accesibilidad a las ramas y en el patrón de movimientos requeridos, influyendo directamente en la exigencia biomecánica del podador. Además, se observó que la postura adoptada está influenciada por el peso y el diseño ergonómico de las herramientas utilizadas, relacionando los equipos de menor peso con niveles inferiores de riesgo ergonómico. Se concluye que la incorporación de criterios ergonómicos en la planificación y ejecución de la poda es crucial para disminuir el riesgo biomecánico en los podadores, siendo el método REBA una herramienta técnica válida para la evaluación del riesgo y para fortalecer la gestión segura del arbolado urbano.
This research aimed to assess ergonomic risks and identify the postures adopted by urban tree pruners in the Municipality of Miraflores in order to contribute to the improvement of occupational health conditions. The study followed an applied, descriptive approach based on direct field observation and photographic records, using the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) method for the systematic evaluation of working postures. The results revealed the presence of postures associated with risk levels that require preventive intervention, arising from the interaction between operational factors and the structural characteristics of the trees. The findings indicate that canopy architecture is a determining factor influencing branch accessibility and the movement patterns required during pruning, directly affecting the biomechanical demands placed on the pruner. In addition, the posture adopted during pruning was found to be influenced by the weight and ergonomic design of the tools used, with lighter equipment being associated with lower levels of ergonomic risk. The study concludes that incorporating ergonomic criteria into pruning planning and execution is essential for reducing biomechanical risks to pruners. Furthermore, the REBA method proved to be a valid technical tool for ergonomic risk assessment and for supporting safer urban tree management.
This research aimed to assess ergonomic risks and identify the postures adopted by urban tree pruners in the Municipality of Miraflores in order to contribute to the improvement of occupational health conditions. The study followed an applied, descriptive approach based on direct field observation and photographic records, using the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) method for the systematic evaluation of working postures. The results revealed the presence of postures associated with risk levels that require preventive intervention, arising from the interaction between operational factors and the structural characteristics of the trees. The findings indicate that canopy architecture is a determining factor influencing branch accessibility and the movement patterns required during pruning, directly affecting the biomechanical demands placed on the pruner. In addition, the posture adopted during pruning was found to be influenced by the weight and ergonomic design of the tools used, with lighter equipment being associated with lower levels of ergonomic risk. The study concludes that incorporating ergonomic criteria into pruning planning and execution is essential for reducing biomechanical risks to pruners. Furthermore, the REBA method proved to be a valid technical tool for ergonomic risk assessment and for supporting safer urban tree management.
Description
Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Facultad de Ciencias Forestales.
Departamento Académico de Industrias Forestales
Keywords
Ergonomía; Postura; Poda; Trabajo; Riesgo; Salud
Citation
Date
2026
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