Comportamiento productivo y composición lipídica de la gamitana (Colossoma macropomum) alimentada con diferentes proporciones de ácidos grasos poliinsaturados
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Authors
Rojas Vilca, Walter Luis
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Abstract
El incremento de la acuicultura origina que los ácidos grasos esenciales sean altamente requeridos en las dietas de los peces ya que estos no pueden sintetizarlos. Por lo tanto, la presente investigación tuvo como objetivo evaluar la proporción de 4 dietas isocalóricas e isoprotéicas con diferentes proporciones de Omega-6/Omega-3 en la gamitana (Colossoma macropomum) sobre los parámetros productivos y composición lipídica del músculo del pez. Este trabajo tuvo una duración de 42 días, se emplearon 48 peces juveniles de 318.8 g de peso vivo promedio, distribuidos al azahar en 16 acuarios. Se utilizó un Diseño Completamente al Azar (DCA) con cuatro tratamientos (proporciones de ácidos grasos omega-6 a omega-3) y cuatro repeticiones cada uno, cada repetición está conformada por 3 peces. Al final del experimento se sacrificaron cuatro peces por tratamiento para realizar la determinación del perfil de ácidos grasos del músculo del pez. Los parámetros productivos fueron evaluados usando el programa estadístico MINITAB para la prueba de Análisis de Varianza (ANOVA), la cual no mostró diferencias significativas (p>0.05) en ninguna de las variables evaluadas ganancia de peso, conversión alimentaria y tasa de crecimiento específico. Para la comparación de medias se utilizó la prueba de Tukey. El análisis de regresión cuadrática fue realizado usando el paquete estadístico Solver-excel determinando que la proporción óptima de Omega-6/Omega-3 para la variable ganancia de peso fue de 9.80:1 y para la variable conversión alimenticia fue de 5.36:1. Se concluye que las diferentes proporciones de omega-6/omega-3 en las dietas de la gamitana modifican el perfil de ácidos grasos del músculo del pez además de tener la capacidad para elongar y desaturar ácidos grasos poliinsaturados.
The increase in aquaculture causes essential fatty acids to be highly required in fish diets since they cannot synthesize them. Therefore, the present research aimed to evaluate the relationship of 4 isocaloric and isoproteic diets with different Omega-6/Omega-3 ratios in gamitana (Colossoma macropomum) on the productive parameters and lipid composition of the fish muscle. This work lasted 56 days, 48 juvenile fish with an average live weight of 318.8 g were used, randomly distributed in 16 aquariums. A Completely Randomized Design was used with four treatments (ratios of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids) and four repetitions each, each repetition consisting of 3 fish. At the end of the experiment, four fish per treatment were sacrificed to determine the fatty acid profile of the fish muscle. The productive parameters were evaluated using the MINITAB 17 statistical program for the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test, which did not show significant differences (p>0.05) in any of the variables evaluated weight gain, feed conversion and specific growth rate. The Tukey test was used to compare means. The quadratic regression analysis was carried out using the Solver-excel statistical package, determining that the optimal ratio of Omega-6/Omega-3 for the weight gain variable was 9.80:1 and for feed conversion it was 5.36:1. It is concluded that the different ratios of omega-6/omega-3 in gamitana diets modify the fatty acid profile of the fish muscle in addition to having the capacity to elongate and desaturate polyunsaturated fatty acids.
The increase in aquaculture causes essential fatty acids to be highly required in fish diets since they cannot synthesize them. Therefore, the present research aimed to evaluate the relationship of 4 isocaloric and isoproteic diets with different Omega-6/Omega-3 ratios in gamitana (Colossoma macropomum) on the productive parameters and lipid composition of the fish muscle. This work lasted 56 days, 48 juvenile fish with an average live weight of 318.8 g were used, randomly distributed in 16 aquariums. A Completely Randomized Design was used with four treatments (ratios of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids) and four repetitions each, each repetition consisting of 3 fish. At the end of the experiment, four fish per treatment were sacrificed to determine the fatty acid profile of the fish muscle. The productive parameters were evaluated using the MINITAB 17 statistical program for the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test, which did not show significant differences (p>0.05) in any of the variables evaluated weight gain, feed conversion and specific growth rate. The Tukey test was used to compare means. The quadratic regression analysis was carried out using the Solver-excel statistical package, determining that the optimal ratio of Omega-6/Omega-3 for the weight gain variable was 9.80:1 and for feed conversion it was 5.36:1. It is concluded that the different ratios of omega-6/omega-3 in gamitana diets modify the fatty acid profile of the fish muscle in addition to having the capacity to elongate and desaturate polyunsaturated fatty acids.
Description
Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Escuela de Posgrado. Maestría en
Nutrición
Keywords
Colossoma macropomum; Animales jovenes; Digestibilidad; Energía digestible; Evaluación; Gamitana
Citation
Date
2026
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