Macro y microzonificación del mar ecuatoriano para el desarrollo de la maricultura de pargo (Lutjanus guttatus) y huayaipe (Seriola rivoliana) usando criterios de sostenibilidad
Authors
Chavarría Viteri, Johny Xavier
Abstract
La acuicultura marina se perfila como una actividad muy prometedora en respuesta a la creciente presión mundial por recursos alimenticios. Debido a las limitaciones de espacio y menor calidad ambiental en las zonas costeras, las aguas mar afuera se proyectan como el área natural de expansión de la acuicultura marina o maricultura oceánica. Ecuador, un país con vocación pesquera y acuícola, pretende impulsar esta actividad. No obstante, a la luz de los problemas ambientales observados en otros países, su desarrollo puede entrar en conflicto con los principios de sostenibilidad y la visión ambiental del gobierno. A pesar de los avances tecnológicos y la existencia de un marco jurídico para el desarrollo de la actividad, se han autorizado pocas concesiones. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue estructurar un modelo de investigación que, teniendo como base la Evaluación Ambiental de última generación, es decir la Evaluación de la Sostenibilidad (ES), conduzca a la realización de una microzonificación del mar ecuatoriano para una maricultura sostenible de la especies locales pargo (Lutjanus guttatus) y huayaipe (Seriola rivoliana). El estudio plantea que la actividad pudiera impulsarse con un estudio que analice la sostenibilidad en sus dimensiones ambiental, social, económica y de gobernanza, estableciendo las áreas más apropiadas para implementar proyectos en Ecuador.
Marine aquaculture is emerging as a promising activity in response to the growing global pressure of food resources. Offshore waters are projected as the natural area of expansion of marine aquaculture in open water due to space constraints and lower environmental quality in coastal areas. Ecuador has important fishery and aquaculture industries. Since last few years, several governmental initiatives point to promote the marine aquaculture. However, considering the environmental problems observed in other countries, the development of the marine aquaculture may conflict with the principles of sustainability and environmental vision of the Ecuadorian government. Despite technological advances and the existence of a legal framework for the development of the activity, few concessions for offshore marine fish aquaculture has been authorized. The goal of this study was to structure a research model, based on the Environmental Assessment of last generation, i. e. Sustainability Assessment (ES), leading to the realization of a microzoning of the Ecuadorian sea for a sustainable mariculture of local species snapper (Lutjanus guttatus) and huayaipe (Seriola rivoliana). This work suggests that the activity could be promoted if a study is done by analyzing sustainability of oceanic mariculture in its environmental, social, economic and governance dimensions, establishing the most appropriate areas to implement projects in Ecuador.
Marine aquaculture is emerging as a promising activity in response to the growing global pressure of food resources. Offshore waters are projected as the natural area of expansion of marine aquaculture in open water due to space constraints and lower environmental quality in coastal areas. Ecuador has important fishery and aquaculture industries. Since last few years, several governmental initiatives point to promote the marine aquaculture. However, considering the environmental problems observed in other countries, the development of the marine aquaculture may conflict with the principles of sustainability and environmental vision of the Ecuadorian government. Despite technological advances and the existence of a legal framework for the development of the activity, few concessions for offshore marine fish aquaculture has been authorized. The goal of this study was to structure a research model, based on the Environmental Assessment of last generation, i. e. Sustainability Assessment (ES), leading to the realization of a microzoning of the Ecuadorian sea for a sustainable mariculture of local species snapper (Lutjanus guttatus) and huayaipe (Seriola rivoliana). This work suggests that the activity could be promoted if a study is done by analyzing sustainability of oceanic mariculture in its environmental, social, economic and governance dimensions, establishing the most appropriate areas to implement projects in Ecuador.
Description
Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Escuela de Posgrado. Doctorado en Ingeniería y Ciencias Ambientales
Keywords
Huayaipe; Microzonificación; Lutjanus guttatus; Seriola rivoliana; Maricultura; Sostenibilidad; Factores ambientales; Evaluación; Modelos; Investigación; Ecuador; Macrozonificación
Citation
Date
2015
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