Gestión de la alimentación en el cultivo de la trucha arcoíris (Oncorhynchus mykiss) aplicando el coeficiente térmico de crecimiento
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Authors
Isla Torres, Edgar Daniel
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Abstract
El presente documento trata sobre las experiencias desarrolladas en la empresa Paola’s Trout S.A.C cumpliendo las funciones técnicas de supervisión en la producción comercial de trucha arcoíris (Oncorhynchus mykiss) en la zona de Pomata en la región Puno, asimismo, se evaluó el desempeño bajo dos estrategias de alimentación; una ración obtenida según tabla de alimentación sugerida por la Empresa Paola´s Trout SAC (PTSAC) y alimentación a saciedad. Dicha evaluación tuvo una duración de tres meses e incluyó etapas de acondicionamiento, biometrías quincenales, monitoreo de la calidad de agua y evaluación de indicadores productivos. Los parámetros ambientales se mantuvieron estables, con temperaturas entre 12.6 °C y 15.8 °C y oxígeno disuelto entre 5.9 y 6.2 mg/l, condiciones favorables para el cultivo comercial. Los resultados mostraron que la alimentación a saciedad mejoró el crecimiento, obteniendo mayores valores de SGR y un mejor factor de condición (K). Sin embargo, esta estrategia presentó un mayor factor de conversión alimenticia (FCA) con una diferencia de 0.13 respecto a la alimentación PTSAC. El coeficiente de variación (CV) se mantuvo por debajo del 30 % en ambos grupos, indicando baja heterogeneidad. Se calcularon los valores de coeficiente térmico de crecimiento (CTC), los cuales estuvieron dentro de rangos reportados por la literatura, permitiendo estimar tasas de alimentación entre 3.44 % y 2.10 % para pesos entre 80 g y 363 g. En consecuencia, la alimentación a saciedad mejora el desempeño productivo. Sin embargo, requiere de un análisis económico detallado por el incremento en el uso de alimento. Se resalta la importancia de la estandarización de la gestión de la alimentación, el uso de tecnologías como cámaras subacuáticas y la actualización continua de las tasas alimenticias basadas en datos reales de campo durante la gestión del centro.
This document describes the professional experience developed at Paola’s Trout S.A.C., performing technical supervision duties in the commercial production of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in the Pomata area, Puno, Peru. In addition, fish performance was evaluated under two feeding strategies: a feeding ration based on the feeding table suggested by Paola’s Trout S.A.C. (PTSAC) and feeding to apparent satiation. The study lasted three months and included acclimation, biweekly biometric assessments, water quality monitoring, and the evaluation of productive performance indicators. Environmental parameters remained stable throughout the study, with water temperatures ranging from 12.6 °C to 15.8 °C and dissolved oxygen levels between 5.9 and 6.2 mg L⁻¹, providing favorable conditions for commercial trout farming. The results showed that feeding to apparent satiation improved growth performance, yielding higher specific growth rate (SGR) values and a better condition factor (K). However, this strategy resulted in a higher feed conversion ratio (FCR), with a difference of 0.13 compared to the PTSAC feeding regime. The coefficient of variation (CV) remained below 30% in both groups, indicating low heterogeneity among fish. Thermal growth coefficient (TGC) values were calculated and found to be within the ranges reported in the literature, allowing the estimation of feeding rates between 3.44% and 2.10% for fish weighing from 80 g to 363 g. Consequently, feeding to apparent satiation improves productive performance; however, it requires a detailed economic assessment due to the increased feed utilization. The study highlights the importance of standardizing feeding management practices, implementing technologies such as underwater cameras, and continuously updating feeding rates based on real field data during farm management.
This document describes the professional experience developed at Paola’s Trout S.A.C., performing technical supervision duties in the commercial production of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in the Pomata area, Puno, Peru. In addition, fish performance was evaluated under two feeding strategies: a feeding ration based on the feeding table suggested by Paola’s Trout S.A.C. (PTSAC) and feeding to apparent satiation. The study lasted three months and included acclimation, biweekly biometric assessments, water quality monitoring, and the evaluation of productive performance indicators. Environmental parameters remained stable throughout the study, with water temperatures ranging from 12.6 °C to 15.8 °C and dissolved oxygen levels between 5.9 and 6.2 mg L⁻¹, providing favorable conditions for commercial trout farming. The results showed that feeding to apparent satiation improved growth performance, yielding higher specific growth rate (SGR) values and a better condition factor (K). However, this strategy resulted in a higher feed conversion ratio (FCR), with a difference of 0.13 compared to the PTSAC feeding regime. The coefficient of variation (CV) remained below 30% in both groups, indicating low heterogeneity among fish. Thermal growth coefficient (TGC) values were calculated and found to be within the ranges reported in the literature, allowing the estimation of feeding rates between 3.44% and 2.10% for fish weighing from 80 g to 363 g. Consequently, feeding to apparent satiation improves productive performance; however, it requires a detailed economic assessment due to the increased feed utilization. The study highlights the importance of standardizing feeding management practices, implementing technologies such as underwater cameras, and continuously updating feeding rates based on real field data during farm management.
Description
Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Facultad de Pesquería. Departamento
Académico de Acuicultura e Industrias Pesqueras
Keywords
Alimentación
Citation
Date
2026
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