Evaluación de la generación y gestión de remanentes en una planta productora de harina de anchoveta, periodo 2020–2024
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Authors
Chava Sotelo, Judith
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Abstract
La industria pesquera peruana representa uno de los sectores más relevantes de la economía nacional, destacando a nivel mundial por la producción y exportación de harina y aceite de pescado a partir de la anchoveta (Engraulis ringens). Sin embargo, las operaciones asociadas a este proceso industrial generan diversos remanentes orgánicos derivados de las etapas de cocción, prensado, centrifugación y tratamiento de efluentes. En este contexto, el presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo evaluar la generación y gestión de remanentes en una planta productora de harina de anchoveta durante el periodo 2020–2024. Para ello, se realizó la identificación y cuantificación de los remanentes generados en las diferentes etapas del proceso productivo, así como la caracterización de las prácticas actuales de manejo y disposición implementadas por la empresa. Asimismo, se aplicaron indicadores de desempeño ambiental y de circularidad, cuyos resultados evidenciaron que los lodos provenientes de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales industriales (PTARIL) constituyen el principal remanente generado, representando aproximadamente el 73.08 % del total registrado durante el periodo de estudio. Asimismo, se observó que la tasa de remanentes evitados a disposición final se mantuvo por encima del 90 % durante todo el periodo, con una disminución entre los años 2020 y 2022, y una posterior recuperación hasta alcanzar el 100 % en el año 2024. En conclusión, el análisis de los indicadores evaluados permitió evidenciar avances en la gestión y valorización de remanentes dentro del proceso productivo, así como identificar oportunidades para fortalecer su aprovechamiento, especialmente en el caso de los lodos de PTARIL, que representan el mayor volumen generado.
The Peruvian fishing industry represents one of the most important sectors of the national economy, standing out globally for the production and export of fishmeal and fish oil from anchovy (Engraulis ringens). However, the operations associated with this industrial process generate various organic byproducts from the cooking, pressing, centrifugation, and effluent treatment stages. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the generation and management of byproducts in an anchovy meal production plant during the period 2020–2024. To this end, the byproducts generated in the different stages of the production process were identified and quantified, as well as the characterization of the current handling and disposal practices implemented by the company. Environmental performance and circularity indicators were also applied, such as the Byproduct Generation Index (IGR), the Byproduct Avoidance Rate, and the Byproduct Circularity Index (ICR). The results showed that sludge from the industrial wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) constitutes the main waste stream generated, representing approximately 73.08 % of the total recorded during the study period. Likewise, it was observed that the rate of remnants diverted from final disposal remained above 90% throughout the period, with a decrease between 2020 and 2022, and a subsequent recovery to reach 100% in 2024.. In conclusion, the analysis of the evaluated indicators revealed progress in the management and valorization of waste streams within the production process, as well as identifying opportunities to strengthen their utilization, especially in the case of WWTP sludge, which represents the largest volume generated.
The Peruvian fishing industry represents one of the most important sectors of the national economy, standing out globally for the production and export of fishmeal and fish oil from anchovy (Engraulis ringens). However, the operations associated with this industrial process generate various organic byproducts from the cooking, pressing, centrifugation, and effluent treatment stages. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the generation and management of byproducts in an anchovy meal production plant during the period 2020–2024. To this end, the byproducts generated in the different stages of the production process were identified and quantified, as well as the characterization of the current handling and disposal practices implemented by the company. Environmental performance and circularity indicators were also applied, such as the Byproduct Generation Index (IGR), the Byproduct Avoidance Rate, and the Byproduct Circularity Index (ICR). The results showed that sludge from the industrial wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) constitutes the main waste stream generated, representing approximately 73.08 % of the total recorded during the study period. Likewise, it was observed that the rate of remnants diverted from final disposal remained above 90% throughout the period, with a decrease between 2020 and 2022, and a subsequent recovery to reach 100% in 2024.. In conclusion, the analysis of the evaluated indicators revealed progress in the management and valorization of waste streams within the production process, as well as identifying opportunities to strengthen their utilization, especially in the case of WWTP sludge, which represents the largest volume generated.
Description
Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Facultad de Pesquería. Departamento
Académico de Acuicultura e Industrias Pesqueras
Keywords
Anchoveta; Harina; Residuo; Subproducto; Procesamiento; Reciclaje; Rendimiento
Citation
Date
2026
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Excepto si se señala otra cosa, la licencia del ítem se describe como info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess

