Uso de perfil analítico de la palta hass (Persea americana Mill.) de exportación para su clasificación
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Authors
Ronceros Narrea, Jorge Luis
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Abstract
El presente trabajo de investigación tuvo como objetivo principal obtener un perfil analítico para la clasificación de palta Hass de exportación, a partir de sus principales atributos y parámetros; y como objetivo secundario validar el referido perfil a partir de la eficacia de aciertos de atributos. Se tomaron resultados de cuarenta lotes inspeccionados durante los años 2022 y 2023, en diferentes plantas de procesamiento de la costa peruana. Este trabajo se llevó a cabo en cuatro etapas. La primera consistió en identificar los principales atributos y parámetros (Russet, Lenticelosis, Daño mecánico, Golpes, Cortes, entre otros) observados durante el muestreo de los lotes. En la segunda etapa se analizó la data obtenida, se encontraron catorce defectos de calidad y cuatro defectos de condición. Como parte del análisis, se determinaron rangos y frecuencias para las muestras previamente calificadas como A y como B, y se seleccionaron los rangos para valores con frecuencias mayores en cada atributo. En la tercera etapa, en la obtención del perfil analítico, se reunieron los rangos de cada parámetro, para definir los perfiles A y B de palta Hass. Finalmente, en la cuarta etapa se validaron los perfiles obtenidos, para lo cual se tomaron dieciocho lotes seleccionados al azar. Se obtuvo el perfil analítico para los lotes calificados como A, siendo 3.45%, 0%, y 1.1% los valores medios de los componentes Lenticelosis, Russet y Daño mecánico respectivamente; mientras que los valores medios del perfil analítico para los lotes calificados como B, fueron 9.5%, 0 y 3.5%, y 0% para estos mismos defectos, en el mismo orden. Se validaron estos perfiles a través de la eficacia del Método de control bioestructurado de procesos, y se determinó que una eficacia del 97%, respecto a los valores teóricos, es aquella que confirma las calificaciones previamente dadas a cada uno de los lotes muestreados.
The main objective of this research work was to obtain an analytical profile for the classification of Hass avocado for export, based on its main attributes and parameters; and as a second objective to validate the profile, based on the effectiveness of the attributes successes. The results were taken from forty lots inspected during the years 2022 and 2023, in different processing facilities on the Peruvian coast. This work was carried out in four stages. The first one consisted of identifying the main attributes and parameters (Russet, Lenticelosis, Mechanical damage, Bruises, Cuts, among others) observed during the sampling of these lots. In the second stage, the data obtained were analyzed, fourteen quality defects and four condition defects were found. As part of the analysis, ranges and frequencies were determined for the samples previously classified as A and B, and ranges were selected for the values with the highest frequencies in each attribute. In the third stage, in obtaining the analytical profile, the ranges of each parameter were gathered to define profile A and B of the Hass avocado. Finally, in the fourth stage, the profiles obtained were validated, for which eighteen randomly selected lots were taken. The analytical profile was obtained for the lots classified as A, with 3.45%, 0% and 1.1% being the average values of the components Lenticelosis, Russet and Mechanical damage respectively; while the average values of the analytical profile for the ones classified as B were 9.5%, 0 and 3.5%, and 0% for these same defects, in the same order. These profiles were validated through the effectiveness of the Processes biostructured control method, and it was determined that and effectiveness of the 97%, regarding to the theoretical values, is the one that confirms the qualifications previously given to each of the sampled lots.
The main objective of this research work was to obtain an analytical profile for the classification of Hass avocado for export, based on its main attributes and parameters; and as a second objective to validate the profile, based on the effectiveness of the attributes successes. The results were taken from forty lots inspected during the years 2022 and 2023, in different processing facilities on the Peruvian coast. This work was carried out in four stages. The first one consisted of identifying the main attributes and parameters (Russet, Lenticelosis, Mechanical damage, Bruises, Cuts, among others) observed during the sampling of these lots. In the second stage, the data obtained were analyzed, fourteen quality defects and four condition defects were found. As part of the analysis, ranges and frequencies were determined for the samples previously classified as A and B, and ranges were selected for the values with the highest frequencies in each attribute. In the third stage, in obtaining the analytical profile, the ranges of each parameter were gathered to define profile A and B of the Hass avocado. Finally, in the fourth stage, the profiles obtained were validated, for which eighteen randomly selected lots were taken. The analytical profile was obtained for the lots classified as A, with 3.45%, 0% and 1.1% being the average values of the components Lenticelosis, Russet and Mechanical damage respectively; while the average values of the analytical profile for the ones classified as B were 9.5%, 0 and 3.5%, and 0% for these same defects, in the same order. These profiles were validated through the effectiveness of the Processes biostructured control method, and it was determined that and effectiveness of the 97%, regarding to the theoretical values, is the one that confirms the qualifications previously given to each of the sampled lots.
Description
Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Facultad de Industrias Alimentarias.
Departamento Académico de Ingeniería de Alimentos y Productos Agropecuarios
Keywords
Palta Hass
Citation
Date
2025
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