Manejo de plantines de arándanos (Vaccinium corymbosum) bajo condiciones de Huaura
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Authors
Caceres Hancco, Catalina
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Abstract
El presente Trabajo de Suficiencia Profesional describe la experiencia adquirida durante el manejo de plantines de arándano (Vaccinium corymbosum) obtenidos mediante propagación in vitro en un vivero comercial ubicado en el distrito de Santa María, provincia de Huaura. Las actividades desarrolladas comprendieron las etapas de aclimatación y engorde, realizando el manejo de las condiciones ambientales, preparación de sustratos, fertirrigación, monitoreo fitosanitario y evaluación de la calidad de los plantines antes de su traslado al campo definitivo. Durante la aclimatación se realizaron mejoras en el diseño de los túneles, reduciendo su altura para conservar mejor la humedad relativa y favorecer la adaptación de los explantes, además de regular progresivamente la intensidad lumínica mediante mallas Raschel y luces LED. Asimismo, se evaluaron diferentes mezclas de sustratos, observándose que la combinación de turba cernida y cascarilla de arroz en proporción 7:3 presentó mejores condiciones para el desarrollo radicular por su adecuado equilibrio entre retención de humedad y aireación. El manejo del riego y de la fertilización se ajustó de acuerdo con la etapa de desarrollo de las plantas, manteniendo el pH y la conductividad eléctrica dentro de rangos adecuados para favorecer la absorción de nutrientes. El monitoreo permanente permitió controlar oportunamente la presencia de plagas y enfermedades mediante medidas preventivas y aplicaciones fitosanitarias. Finalmente, la calidad de los plantines fue evaluada considerando su crecimiento vegetativo, desarrollo radicular y estado fitosanitario, obteniéndose plantas uniformes, vigorosas y aptas para su establecimiento en campo definitivo, lo que permitió fortalecer los conocimientos técnicos sobre la producción comercial de plantines de arándano.
This Professional Competency Report describes the experience gained in the management of blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) plantlets produced through in vitro propagation in a commercial nursery located in the district of Santa María, Huaura Province, Peru. The activities carried out included the acclimatization and growing phases, involving environmental management, substrate preparation, fertigation, phytosanitary monitoring, and plant quality evaluation prior to field establishment. During the acclimatization stage, improvements were made to the tunnel design by reducing its height to better conserve relative humidity and enhance plantlet adaptation. In addition, light intensity was gradually regulated using Raschel shade nets and LED lighting. Different substrate mixtures were evaluated, and the combination of screened peat moss and rice husk at a 7:3 ratio showed the best performance for root development due to its balanced moisture retention and aeration properties. Irrigation and fertilization practices were adjusted according to the developmental stage of the plants, maintaining pH and electrical conductivity within appropriate ranges to promote nutrient uptake. Continuous monitoring allowed the timely detection and control of pests and diseases through preventive measures and phytosanitary applications. Finally, plant quality was assessed based on vegetative growth, root system development, and phytosanitary status, resulting in uniform, vigorous plants suitable for field establishment. This professional experience strengthened technical knowledge of commercial blueberry plantlet production and highlighted the importance of integrated nursery management in obtaining high-quality planting material.
This Professional Competency Report describes the experience gained in the management of blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) plantlets produced through in vitro propagation in a commercial nursery located in the district of Santa María, Huaura Province, Peru. The activities carried out included the acclimatization and growing phases, involving environmental management, substrate preparation, fertigation, phytosanitary monitoring, and plant quality evaluation prior to field establishment. During the acclimatization stage, improvements were made to the tunnel design by reducing its height to better conserve relative humidity and enhance plantlet adaptation. In addition, light intensity was gradually regulated using Raschel shade nets and LED lighting. Different substrate mixtures were evaluated, and the combination of screened peat moss and rice husk at a 7:3 ratio showed the best performance for root development due to its balanced moisture retention and aeration properties. Irrigation and fertilization practices were adjusted according to the developmental stage of the plants, maintaining pH and electrical conductivity within appropriate ranges to promote nutrient uptake. Continuous monitoring allowed the timely detection and control of pests and diseases through preventive measures and phytosanitary applications. Finally, plant quality was assessed based on vegetative growth, root system development, and phytosanitary status, resulting in uniform, vigorous plants suitable for field establishment. This professional experience strengthened technical knowledge of commercial blueberry plantlet production and highlighted the importance of integrated nursery management in obtaining high-quality planting material.
Description
Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento
Académico de Horticultura
Keywords
Arándano; Propagación; Adaptación; Vivero; Riego; Nutrición
Citation
Date
2026
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