Estrategias que generen mayor ventaja competitiva en la Cooperativa Ecológica de Mujeres Cafetaleras Villa Rica - CEMCAVIR, Oxapampa, región de Pasco
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Authors
Borda Castillo, Anibal Marcos
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Abstract
La investigación analiza las estrategias para fortalecer la ventaja competitiva de la Cooperativa Ecológica de Mujeres Cafetaleras Villa Rica - CEMCAVIR, destaca su esencia como una organización integrada exclusivamente por mujeres que producen café sostenible y de especialidad; se realizó bajo un enfoque mixto, metodología descriptiva explicativa y en diseño de estudio de caso, al centrarse exclusivamente en la organización como unidad de análisis. Para la evaluación de la posición competitiva, se aplicó el modelo de las cinco fuerzas competitivas de Porter y la matriz de Posición Estratégica y Evaluación de la Acción – PEYEA; mientras que, para determinar la estrategia genérica más adecuada, se utilizaron las matrices de Evaluación de Factores Internos y Evaluación de Factores Externos junto con la Matriz Estratégica Interno–Externo y para establecer las acciones estratégicas se utilizó el análisis FODA. Los resultados muestran que la cooperativa enfrenta dificultades relacionadas con la competencia en el mercado internacional, el poder de negociación de los compradores y la presencia de productos sustitutos. Se encontró, que su diferenciación está basada en el café producido por mujeres y su certificación orgánica representa una fortaleza fundamental para acceder a mercados especializados. Mientras, el análisis interno reveló que la cooperativa enfrenta limitaciones en la gestión contable y financiera, así como en la diversificación de su mercado, muestra que la organización, está aún en proceso de consolidación. Las conclusiones indican que la estrategia genérica de enfoque basada en la diferenciación fue la más adecuada, porque promueve el café producido exclusivamente por mujeres, como un atributo distintivo. Para fortalecer su posición en el mercado, se recomienda, ampliar la base de socias, diversificar la oferta de productos, buscar nuevos nichos de mercado y establecer alianzas estratégicas con otras cooperativas y actores del sector. Por último, para orientar a la sostenibilidad, será esencial que la organización se encamine hacia a la gestión eficiente del financiamiento y el fortalecimiento de las capacidades técnicas de sus socias, la implementación de estas estrategias permitirá consolidar a CEMCAVIR como una cooperativa referente en producción cafetalera liderada exclusivamente por mujeres, mejorar su competitividad y que garantice el bienestar económico de sus integrantes, promoviendo un modelo de negocio inclusivo y sostenible en el sector cafetalero.
This research analyzes strategies to strengthen the competitive advantage of the Cooperativa Ecológica de Mujeres Cafetaleras Villa Rica - CEMCAVIR (Ecological Cooperative of Women Coffee Growers of Villa Rica), highlighting its essence as an organization composed exclusively of women who produce sustainable and specialty coffee. The study was conducted using a mixed-methods approach, with a descriptive–explanatory methodology and a case study design, focusing entirely on the organization as the unit of analysis. To assess its competitive position, Porter’s Five Forces model and the Strategic Position and Action Evaluation (SPACE) matrix were applied; meanwhile, to determine the most appropriate generic strategy, the Internal Factor Evaluation (IFE) and External Factor Evaluation (EFE) matrices were used together with the Internal–External (IE) Matrix, and SWOT analysis was employed to establish strategic actions. The results show that the cooperative faces challenges related to competition in the international market, buyers’ bargaining power, and the presence of substitute products. It was found that its differentiation is based on coffee produced by women, and that its organic certification represents a fundamental strength for accessing specialized markets. Meanwhile, the internal analysis revealed that the cooperative faces limitations in accounting and financial management, as well as in market diversification, indicating that the organization is still in a process of consolidation. The conclusions indicate that a focus strategy based on differentiation is the most appropriate, as it promotes coffee produced exclusively by women as a distinctive attribute. To increase its market position, it is recommended to expand the membership base, diversify the product range, seek new market niches, and establish strategic alliances with other cooperatives and sector stakeholders. Finally, to ensure sustainability, it will be essential for the organization to move toward more efficient financial management and the strengthening of its members’ technical capacities. The implementation of these strategies will make it possible to consolidate CEMCAVIR as a leading women-led coffee-producing cooperative, improve its competitiveness, and ensure the economic well-being of its members, while promoting an inclusive and sustainable business model in the coffee sector.
This research analyzes strategies to strengthen the competitive advantage of the Cooperativa Ecológica de Mujeres Cafetaleras Villa Rica - CEMCAVIR (Ecological Cooperative of Women Coffee Growers of Villa Rica), highlighting its essence as an organization composed exclusively of women who produce sustainable and specialty coffee. The study was conducted using a mixed-methods approach, with a descriptive–explanatory methodology and a case study design, focusing entirely on the organization as the unit of analysis. To assess its competitive position, Porter’s Five Forces model and the Strategic Position and Action Evaluation (SPACE) matrix were applied; meanwhile, to determine the most appropriate generic strategy, the Internal Factor Evaluation (IFE) and External Factor Evaluation (EFE) matrices were used together with the Internal–External (IE) Matrix, and SWOT analysis was employed to establish strategic actions. The results show that the cooperative faces challenges related to competition in the international market, buyers’ bargaining power, and the presence of substitute products. It was found that its differentiation is based on coffee produced by women, and that its organic certification represents a fundamental strength for accessing specialized markets. Meanwhile, the internal analysis revealed that the cooperative faces limitations in accounting and financial management, as well as in market diversification, indicating that the organization is still in a process of consolidation. The conclusions indicate that a focus strategy based on differentiation is the most appropriate, as it promotes coffee produced exclusively by women as a distinctive attribute. To increase its market position, it is recommended to expand the membership base, diversify the product range, seek new market niches, and establish strategic alliances with other cooperatives and sector stakeholders. Finally, to ensure sustainability, it will be essential for the organization to move toward more efficient financial management and the strengthening of its members’ technical capacities. The implementation of these strategies will make it possible to consolidate CEMCAVIR as a leading women-led coffee-producing cooperative, improve its competitiveness, and ensure the economic well-being of its members, while promoting an inclusive and sustainable business model in the coffee sector.
Description
Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Escuela de Posgrado. Maestría en
Agronegocios
Keywords
Café; Cooperativa; Estrategia; Competitividad; Mujer; Ecología; Calidad; Mercado
Citation
Date
2026
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